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LECOM PBL spring 2017 > histology chapter 14- lymphatics > Flashcards

histology chapter 14- lymphatics Flashcards

1
Q

what is a substance that can induce a specific immune response

A

antigen

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2
Q

what are the 3 major types of lymphocytes

A

NK cells, B cells, T cells

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3
Q

where are langerhans cells found

A

only in the middle layer of the epidermis

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4
Q

what forms the structural meshwork within the tissue of the thymus

A

epithelioreticular cells

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5
Q

what cells account for the majority of circulating lymphocytes

A

T cells

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6
Q

what markers are expressed by ALL mature T cells

A

CD2, CD3, CD5, CD7

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7
Q

what cytokines do Th1 cells synthesize

A

IL-2, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha

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8
Q

what cytokines do TH2 cells synthesize

A

IL-4, IL-5, IL-13

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9
Q

what are the CD markers of B cells

A

CD9, CD20, CD19

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10
Q

what is the function of CD1

A

interaction with MHC1, developmental markers for T cells & langerhans cells of the skin

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11
Q

what is the function of CD2

A

adhesion molecules, used as clinical marker for T cells

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12
Q

what is the function of CD3

A

form complex with TCR

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13
Q

what is the function of CD4

A

interact with MHC2 , bind viral protein gp120 to HIV1 and HIV2

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14
Q

what is the role of CD5

A

costimulatory molecules that appear on mature T and B cells; high levels in chronic lymphocytic leukemia

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15
Q

what is the role of CD7

A

bind the PI-3 kinase, useful clinical marker for T-cell leukemia stem cells

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16
Q

what is the role of CD8

A

interact with MHC1

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17
Q

what is the role of CD9

A

facilitate aggregation of platelets, cell adhesion and cell migration

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18
Q

what is the role of CD10

A

zinc metalloprotease, common marker for acute lymphoblastic leukemia

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19
Q

what is the role of CD16a

A

clinical marker for NK cells, function as Fc receptor for aggregated IgG, mediate phagocytosis and ADCC cytotoxicity

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20
Q

what is the role of CD19

A

coreceptor with CD21, clinical marker for all stages of B cell development

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21
Q

what is the role of CD20

A

form Calcium channels; marker for late stage of B cell development

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22
Q

what is the role of CD21

A

receptors for C3d complment protein and for EBV

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23
Q

what is the role of CD22

A

B cell adhesion molecules; mediate B cell to T cell adhesion

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24
Q

what is the role of CD23

A

low affinity receptor for Fc portion of IgE that mediates IgE dependent cytotoxicity and phagocytosis by macrophages and eosinophils

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25
Q

what is the role of CD24

A

expressed in late stage of B cell differentiation

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26
Q

what is the role of CD34

A

clinical marker for HSCs and ligand for CD62L. mediate attachment of stem cells to bone marrow ECM

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27
Q

what is the role of CD35

A

complement receptor 1; promote phagocytosis of complement-coated particles, bind C3b and C4b

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28
Q

what is the role of CD38

A

NAD glycohydrolase; used as markers for T cell activation and proliferation

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29
Q

what is the role of CD45

A

tyrosine phosphatase; leukocyte common antigen; required for T and B cell receptor signal transduction

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30
Q

what is the role of CD56

A

clinical marker for NK cells; isoforms of neural adhesion molecules

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31
Q

what is the role of CD94

A

clinical marker for NK cells

32
Q

what does the Fc component do

A

effector functions

33
Q

what is the initial response to an antigen

A

inflammation

34
Q

what is another name for type 1 hypersensitivty

A

anaphylactic hypersensitivity

35
Q

what are allergic reactions mediated by (immunoglobulin)

A

IgE

36
Q

what immunoglobulin directs NK cells to their target for ADCC

A

IgG

37
Q

what cells are CD4+CD25+FOXP3+

A

Treg cells

38
Q

what are some of the cytokines that Treg cells secrete

A

IL-10, TGF-beta

39
Q

what is the action of IL-1

A

stimulates inflammatory responses; induces fever; facilitates proliferation of CD4+ T cells and proliferation and differentiation of CD8+ cells

40
Q

what is the action of IL-2

A

induces proliferation and differentiation of CD4+ T cells and to lesser degree CD8+, NK cells and B cells

41
Q

what is the role of IL-3

A

induces proliferation of hematopoietic stem cells

42
Q

what is the role of IL-4

A

induces proliferation and differentiation of B cells, CD4+ T cells; activates macrophages; promotes synthesis of IgE and IgG

43
Q

what is the role of IL-5

A

induces proliferation and differentiation of eosinophils; stimulates B cells to secrete IgA

44
Q

what is the role of IL-6

A

stimulate differentiation of hematopoietic cells; induces growth of activate B cells; APPs

45
Q

what is the role of IL-7

A

stimulates growth and differentiation of progenitor B and T cells

46
Q

what is the role of IL-9

A

facilitates growth of CD4+ T cells (but not CD8+); activates mast cells

47
Q

what is the role of IL -10

A

acts on T cells as cytokine inhibitor; inhibits macrophage functions

48
Q

what is the role of iL-11

A

facilitates growth of hematopoietic cells, mainly megakaryocytes

49
Q

what is the role of Il-12

A

stimulates growth of NK cells, Thcells and CTLs

50
Q

what is the role of IL-13

A

modulates B cell response and promotes IgE synthesis

51
Q

what is the role of IL-14

A

induces production of memory B cells

52
Q

what is the role of Il-16

A

activates migration of CD8+ T cells, monocytes and eosinophils

53
Q

what is the role of IL-17

A

stimulates endothelial cells and fibroblasts to secrete cytokines

54
Q

what kind of macrophages are activated by IFN-gamma

A

M1

55
Q

what protein is highest in HIV envelope

A

gp120

56
Q

what does gp120 bind to

A

CD4

57
Q

what tissue composes the capsule of lymph nodes

A

dense connective tissue

58
Q

what type of collagen to reticular cells synthesize and secrete

A

type 3 collagen

59
Q

what are Dendritic cells derived from

A

bone marrow

60
Q

what type of cells are mostly in the paracortex

A

T cells

61
Q

what are the site of fluid absorption and entrance for circulating lymphocytes into the lymph nodes

A

HEVs

62
Q

where is the thymus located

A

superior mediastinum

63
Q

what do common lymphoid progenitor (CLP) cells develop into

A

immunocompetent T cells

64
Q

where are type 1 epithelioreticular cells found

A

located at the boundary of the cortex and the connective tissue as well as between the cortical parenchyma and trabecular

65
Q

where are type 2 epithelioreticular cells found and what do they express

A

located within the cortex and are stellate and express MH1 and MHC2 molecules

66
Q

where are type 3 epithelioreticular cells found and what do they express

A

located at the boundary of the cortex and medulla; express MHC1 and MHC2

67
Q

what are hassle’s corpuscles derived from

A

type 6 epithelioreticular cells

68
Q

where are type V epithelioreticular cells found

A

through medulla

69
Q

what type of epithelioreticular cells are involved in the blood-thymus barrier

A

type 1

70
Q

where are most blood-borne antigens addressed

A

spleen

71
Q

what does the connective tissue of the capsule and trabeculae of the spleen contain

A

myofibroblasts

72
Q

what do lymphocytes that aggregate around the central artery of the spleen constitute

A

PALS

73
Q

what distinguishes the PALS from typically lymphatic nodules at other sites

A

presence of central artery

74
Q

what does red pulp contain

A

splenic sinuses, penicillar arteries, sheathed capillaries, splenic cords

75
Q

what part of the lymph nodes has lymph nodules

A

superficial cortex only

76
Q

where do afferent lymphatic vessels pass through the lymph nodes

A

through the capsule

77
Q

where do the efferent lymphatic vessels leave the lymph nodes

A

hilum

LECOM PBL spring 2017 (16 decks)

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