pathology 17 (785-796): infectious enterocolitis Flashcards
what are the shape and stain of vibrio cholerae
comma-shaped, gram negative
how is cholera primarily transmitted
contaminated drinking water
what are needed for efficient bacterial colonization of V. cholerae
flagellar proteins
what metalloproteinase is important for bacterial detachment and shedding in the stool with V. cholerae
hemagglutinin
what does the B subunit of cholera toxin do
binds GM1 ganglioside on the surface of intestinal epithelial cells and is carried by retrograde transport to the ER
describe the stools that are associated with V. cholerae
resembles rice water and are sometimes described as having a fishy odor
what is the most common bacterial enteric pathogen in developed countries
campylobacter jejuni
what are most infections by campylobacter jejune associated with
injection of improperly cooked chicken
what are the 4 major properties that contribute to pathogenesis of campylobacter infection
motility, adherence, toxin production and invasion
what patients are most susceptible to developing reactive arthritis as a result of campylobacter jejuni infection
those with HLA-B27
describe the shape and staining of campylobacter
comma shaped, flagellated, gram-negative organisms
describe shigella (stain)
gram negative unencapsulated, non-motile, facultative anaerobes
why does shigella have an extremely low infectious dose
because it is resistant to the harsh acidic environment of the stomach
what takes up shigella once it is in the intestine
M/microfold cells
where are shigella infections most prominent
left colon
what is the typical incubation period for shigella
up to 1 week
describe the self-limiting disease caused by shigella
characterized by 1 week of diarrhea, fever and abdominal pain
what do the transferred proteins involved with salmonella activate
host Rho GTPases, thereby triggering actin rearrangement and bacterial endocytosis allowing bacterial growth within endosomes
what T cells are involved in limiting salmonella infection
Th1 and Th17
what are the specialized bacterial proteins used by Yersinia to bind to host cell beta1 interns
adhesions
what encodes the iron uptake system that mediated iron capture and support with yersinia
pathogenicity island
where do yersinia infections preferentially involve
ileum, appendix and right colon
what are the principle cause of travelers diarrhea
ETEC
how does ETEC spread
contaminated water or food
