pharm chapter 10 Flashcards
what amino acid are catecholamines synthesized from
tyrosine
where is epinephrine predominantly synthesized
in chromatin cells of the adrenal medulla
what is the first step in catecholamine synthesis
oxidation of tyrosine to DOPA
what is the rate limiting step in catecholamine synthesis
tyrosine hydroxylase
where does the conversion of tyrosine to dopamine occur
within the cytoplasm
what transports dopamine into synaptic vesicles
VMAT
what converts dopamine to norepinephrine once inside the vesicles
dopamine beta hydroxylase
where is VMAT1 primarily expressed
peripherally (adrenal, sympathetic ganglia)
where is VMAT2 primarily expressed
in the CNS
where is VAChT expressed
in cholinergic neurons
what converts norepinephrine to epinephrine once it returns to the cytosol
PNMT
what does alpha-methyltyrosine inhibit
tyrosine hydroxyls
what transporter does cocaine inhibit
the norepinephrine transporter
what does reserpine inhibit
the vesicular monoamine transporter
what transporter mediates the reuptake of catecholamine into the neuronal cytoplasm
NET
what does MAO-A preferentially degrade
serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine
what does MAO-B most readily degrade
dopamine
what do MAO inhibitors have efficacy in the treatment of
depression
what do the pathways of alpha 1 receptors activate
phospholipase C
what antagonists are found to be effective in treatment of BPH
alpha1 receptor antagonists
what do alpha2-adrenoreceptors activate
Gi
where are beta1 adrenoceptors localized primarily
in the heart and kidney
where are beta2 adrenoceptors mostly expressed
smooth muscle, liver, and skeletal muscle
where are beta3 adrenoceptors expressed specifically
adipose tissue
