pharm 6 Flashcards
analgesics
relieve pain
sedatives
calm,soothe, produce sedation
hypnotics
produce sleep
most common reason pts seek out care
pain
subjective
it can only be experienced by the pt
endorphins
endogenous analgesics produced within the body as a reaction to severe pain or intense exercise
what do endorphins do?
block the transmission of pain
placebo effect
relief from pain as the result of suggestion without he administration of an analgesic
opioid analgesics
controlled substances since they cause tolerance and dependence
tolerance
larger dose of opioid is needed to achieve the same level of analgesia
when are opioids used?
chronic pain (cancer, terminal illness)
opioid SE
sedation
confusion
preop opioid
before the start of anesthesia
tramadol
centrally acting, produces analgesia
less potential for abuse
nonopioid analgesics
mild to moderate pain, fever
combine as a coanalgesic
salicylates
most commonly used
prevent formation of prostaglandins
salicylates SE
prolonged bleeding
coma
acetaminophen
mild to moderate pain
no help with inflammation
acetaminophen SE
liver toxicity
decreased urine output
prostaglandins
help with inflammation
tylenol
pain and fever little inflammation
doesn’t have SE GI bleed
adjuvant analgesics
pain BROAD
fibromyalgia
chronic, widespread musculosketetal pain
tricyclic antidepressants
treat fibromyalgia and nerve pain from herpes, arthritis
