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Semester 2 > CP2 chapter 12 > Flashcards

CP2 chapter 12 Flashcards

1
Q

electrocardiograph

A

instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart

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2
Q

electrocardigram

A

graphic representation the electrical activity of the heart

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3
Q

purpose of the electrocardiography

A 
detect abnormalities
presence of impaired blood flow
detect inflammation
congenital heart defects
damage from MI
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4
Q

of chambers

A

4

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5
Q

right and left atria

A

small upper chambers

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6
Q

right and left ventricles

A

large lower chambers

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7
Q

SA node (sinoatrial) location

A

upper portion of the right atrium

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8
Q

what is the SA node?

A

knot of modified myocardial cells that send out impulses

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9
Q

SA node job

A

initiates and regulates the heartbeat

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10
Q

pacemaker of the heart

A

SA node

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11
Q

AV node

A

delays he impulse to allow for contraction of the atria and filling ventricles with blood

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12
Q

cardiac cycle

A

one complete heartbeat

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13
Q

P wave

A

atrial deplorization

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14
Q

QRS wave

A

ventricular deplorization

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15
Q

T wave

A

ventricular repolarization (resting)

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16
Q

baseline

A

flat, horizontal line entire heart returns to resting state

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17
Q

segment

A

portion of the ECG between two waves

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18
Q

interval

A

length of a wave or the length of a wave with a segment

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19
Q

P-R wave

A

end of AD and beginning of VD

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20
Q

S-T wave

A

end of VD beginning of RV

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21
Q

P-R wave

A

beginning of AD to beginning o VD

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22
Q

Q-T wave

A

beginning of VD to end of RV

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23
Q

standardization mark

A

2x10

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24
Q

standard ECG leads

A

12

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25
Q

lead

A

tracing of the electrical activity of the heart between 2 electrodes

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26
Q

electrodes

A

good conductor of electricity

pick up electrical impulses by the heart

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27
Q

electrolyte

A

facilitates the transmission of the hearts electrical impulse

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28
Q

foil-lines pouch

A

preserves moisture to prevent the electrolyte from drying out

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29
Q

of bipolar leads

A

3

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30
Q

lead 1

A

electrical current traveling between the right arm and left arm

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31
Q

lead 2

A

records the electrical current traveling between the right arm and the left leg

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32
Q

lead 3

A

records the electrical current travelingg btween the left arm and the left leg

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33
Q

special about lead 2

A

shows the rhythm better

rhythm strip

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34
Q

rhythm strip

A

longer recording of lead 2

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35
Q

of augmented leads

A

3

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36
Q

lead aVR

A

electrical current traveling between the right arm and a central point between the left arm and left leg

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37
Q

lead aVL

A

electrical current traveling between the left arm electrode and a central point between the right arm andd left leg

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38
Q

lead aVF

A

electrical current traveling between the left leg electrode and a central point between the right and left arms

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39
Q

chest leads

A

6

record the heart’s voltage from front to back

40
Q

cardiac stress test

A

evaluate the cardiovascular health of ind. with known heart disease

41
Q

paper speed

A

25 mm/sec

42
Q

advantage of a 3 channel electrocardiograph

A

can be produced in less time

43
Q

interpretive ECG

A

built in computer program that analyzes the recording as it is being run

44
Q

EMR connectivity

A

linked w the offices computer system

45
Q

artifacts

A

additional electrical activity that is picked up by the ECG

46
Q

artifact filter

A

reduce artifacts

can also affect the accuracy of ECG

47
Q

muscle artifact

A

fuzzy, irregular baseline

48
Q

somatic tremor

A

involuntary movement

49
Q

causes for muscle artifact

A

apprehensive pt
discomfort
movement
condition

50
Q

wandering baseline

A

loose electrodes
lotion
dried out electrolyte

51
Q

60 second/ac artifact

A

electrical interference

52
Q

causes for 60 second artifact

A

electrical equipment in room

wiring in walls

53
Q

interrupted baseline

A

metal tip of a lead wire is detached

54
Q

Holter monitor

A

continuous recording of the electrical activity of the heart for 24 hours or longer

55
Q

original holter monitor

A

consisted of a large pack of equipment worn on the pts back

56
Q

purpose of a holter monitor

A

detect cardiac abnormalities that occur while the pt is engaged in normal daily routines

57
Q

purpose of the electrodes

A

pick up the electrical impuses given off by the heart

58
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

ECG that is within normal limits

59
Q

sinus bradycardia

A

slower than 60

60
Q

sinus tachycardia

A

faster than 100

61
Q

cardia dysrhythmia

A

abnormal electrical activity in the heart cauing an irregular heart beat

62
Q

types of dysrhythmias

A

extra beats
abnormal rhythm
abnormal heart rate

63
Q

PAC premature atrial contraction

A

beat that comes before the next beat is due

64
Q

who gets PAC

A

healthy people that have caffeine and tobacco

65
Q

PAT paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

A

sudden onset and termination

fluttering or pounding of the chest with weakness

66
Q

who gets PAT

A

healthy pts

67
Q

atrial flutter

A

rapid, regular fluttering

T is lost

68
Q

atrial fibrillation

A

P waves have no definite pattern or shape

400-500

69
Q

who gets atrial fibrillation

A

pts with underlying heart disease

70
Q

PVC

A

beat that comes early in the cycle

71
Q

who gets PVC

A

anxiety, smoking, caffeine, alcohol

72
Q

VT

A

series of 3 or more PVC

73
Q

V fib

A

most serious

74
Q

who gets V fib

A

pts having heart attack

75
Q

purpose of pulmonary function test

A

assess lung functioning

76
Q

spirometry

A

screening test that is often performed in the medical office

77
Q

spirometer

A

measures how much air is pushed out of the lungs and how fast it is pushed out

78
Q

forces vital capacity

A

maximum volume of air that can be expired when the pts exhales *only can take 3 tries

79
Q

post bronchodilator spirometry

A

inform the physician as to how treatment would work in pts whose airways are obstructed

80
Q

asthma

A

chronic lung disease that affects the small airways of the lungs

81
Q

who is asthma most common in?

A

children

82
Q

wheezing

A

high pitched nose

83
Q

long term control for ashma

A

relieve inflammation and prevent symptoms from occurring

84
Q

quick relief for asthma

A

open the airways quickly *during asthma attack

85
Q

peak flow meter

A

measure how quickly air flows out of the lungs when the pt exhales forcefully

86
Q

peak flow rate

A

maximum volume of air that can be exhaled when the pt blows

87
Q

hypoxemia

A

decrease in the oxygen saturation of the blood

88
Q

hypoxia

A

reduction in the oxygen supply to the tissues of the body

89
Q

oxygen therapy

A

administration of oxygen to treat or prevent hypoxemia

90
Q

flow rate

A

amount of supplemental oxygen prescribed for a pat

91
Q

what is oxygen measured in?

A

L/min

92
Q

compressed oxygen gas

A

oxygen gas compressed under high pressure and then stored in a container referred to as a cylinder

93
Q

oxygen concentrator

A

separates oxygen out of the air, concentrates it, and then stores it for use by the pt

94
Q

nasal cannula

A

administering home oxygen therapy

95
Q

face mask

A

used for pts who need a high flow of oxygen

96
Q

ischemia

A

deficiency of blood in a body part

97
Q

atherosclerosis

A

buildup of plaque on the inner walls of an artery that causes the artery to narrow

Semester 2 (26 decks)

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