CP2 chapter 12 Flashcards
1
Q
electrocardiograph
A
instrument used to record the electrical activity of the heart
2
Q
electrocardigram
A
graphic representation the electrical activity of the heart
3
Q
purpose of the electrocardiography
A
detect abnormalities presence of impaired blood flow detect inflammation congenital heart defects damage from MI
4
Q
of chambers
A
4
5
Q
right and left atria
A
small upper chambers
6
Q
right and left ventricles
A
large lower chambers
7
Q
SA node (sinoatrial) location
A
upper portion of the right atrium
8
Q
what is the SA node?
A
knot of modified myocardial cells that send out impulses
9
Q
SA node job
A
initiates and regulates the heartbeat
10
Q
pacemaker of the heart
A
SA node
11
Q
AV node
A
delays he impulse to allow for contraction of the atria and filling ventricles with blood
12
Q
cardiac cycle
A
one complete heartbeat
13
Q
P wave
A
atrial deplorization
14
Q
QRS wave
A
ventricular deplorization
15
Q
T wave
A
ventricular repolarization (resting)
16
Q
baseline
A
flat, horizontal line entire heart returns to resting state
17
Q
segment
A
portion of the ECG between two waves
18
Q
interval
A
length of a wave or the length of a wave with a segment
19
Q
P-R wave
A
end of AD and beginning of VD
20
Q
S-T wave
A
end of VD beginning of RV
21
Q
P-R wave
A
beginning of AD to beginning o VD
22
Q
Q-T wave
A
beginning of VD to end of RV
23
Q
standardization mark
A
2x10
24
Q
standard ECG leads
A
12
25
lead
tracing of the electrical activity of the heart between 2 electrodes
26
electrodes
good conductor of electricity
| pick up electrical impulses by the heart
27
electrolyte
facilitates the transmission of the hearts electrical impulse
28
foil-lines pouch
preserves moisture to prevent the electrolyte from drying out
29
of bipolar leads
3
30
lead 1
electrical current traveling between the right arm and left arm
31
lead 2
records the electrical current traveling between the right arm and the left leg
32
lead 3
records the electrical current travelingg btween the left arm and the left leg
33
special about lead 2
shows the rhythm better
| rhythm strip
34
rhythm strip
longer recording of lead 2
35
of augmented leads
3
36
lead aVR
electrical current traveling between the right arm and a central point between the left arm and left leg
37
lead aVL
electrical current traveling between the left arm electrode and a central point between the right arm andd left leg
38
lead aVF
electrical current traveling between the left leg electrode and a central point between the right and left arms
39
chest leads
6
| record the heart's voltage from front to back
40
cardiac stress test
evaluate the cardiovascular health of ind. with known heart disease
41
paper speed
25 mm/sec
42
advantage of a 3 channel electrocardiograph
can be produced in less time
43
interpretive ECG
built in computer program that analyzes the recording as it is being run
44
EMR connectivity
linked w the offices computer system
45
artifacts
additional electrical activity that is picked up by the ECG
46
artifact filter
reduce artifacts
| can also affect the accuracy of ECG
47
muscle artifact
fuzzy, irregular baseline
48
somatic tremor
involuntary movement
49
causes for muscle artifact
apprehensive pt
discomfort
movement
condition
50
wandering baseline
loose electrodes
lotion
dried out electrolyte
51
60 second/ac artifact
electrical interference
52
causes for 60 second artifact
electrical equipment in room
| wiring in walls
53
interrupted baseline
metal tip of a lead wire is detached
54
Holter monitor
continuous recording of the electrical activity of the heart for 24 hours or longer
55
original holter monitor
consisted of a large pack of equipment worn on the pts back
56
purpose of a holter monitor
detect cardiac abnormalities that occur while the pt is engaged in normal daily routines
57
purpose of the electrodes
pick up the electrical impuses given off by the heart
58
normal sinus rhythm
ECG that is within normal limits
59
sinus bradycardia
slower than 60
60
sinus tachycardia
faster than 100
61
cardia dysrhythmia
abnormal electrical activity in the heart cauing an irregular heart beat
62
types of dysrhythmias
extra beats
abnormal rhythm
abnormal heart rate
63
PAC premature atrial contraction
beat that comes before the next beat is due
64
who gets PAC
healthy people that have caffeine and tobacco
65
PAT paroxysmal atrial tachycardia
sudden onset and termination
| fluttering or pounding of the chest with weakness
66
who gets PAT
healthy pts
67
atrial flutter
rapid, regular fluttering
| T is lost
68
atrial fibrillation
P waves have no definite pattern or shape
| 400-500
69
who gets atrial fibrillation
pts with underlying heart disease
70
PVC
beat that comes early in the cycle
71
who gets PVC
anxiety, smoking, caffeine, alcohol
72
VT
series of 3 or more PVC
73
V fib
most serious
74
who gets V fib
pts having heart attack
75
purpose of pulmonary function test
assess lung functioning
76
spirometry
screening test that is often performed in the medical office
77
spirometer
measures how much air is pushed out of the lungs and how fast it is pushed out
78
forces vital capacity
maximum volume of air that can be expired when the pts exhales *only can take 3 tries
79
post bronchodilator spirometry
inform the physician as to how treatment would work in pts whose airways are obstructed
80
asthma
chronic lung disease that affects the small airways of the lungs
81
who is asthma most common in?
children
82
wheezing
high pitched nose
83
long term control for ashma
relieve inflammation and prevent symptoms from occurring
84
quick relief for asthma
open the airways quickly *during asthma attack
85
peak flow meter
measure how quickly air flows out of the lungs when the pt exhales forcefully
86
peak flow rate
maximum volume of air that can be exhaled when the pt blows
87
hypoxemia
decrease in the oxygen saturation of the blood
88
hypoxia
reduction in the oxygen supply to the tissues of the body
89
oxygen therapy
administration of oxygen to treat or prevent hypoxemia
90
flow rate
amount of supplemental oxygen prescribed for a pat
91
what is oxygen measured in?
L/min
92
compressed oxygen gas
oxygen gas compressed under high pressure and then stored in a container referred to as a cylinder
93
oxygen concentrator
separates oxygen out of the air, concentrates it, and then stores it for use by the pt
94
nasal cannula
administering home oxygen therapy
95
face mask
used for pts who need a high flow of oxygen
96
ischemia
deficiency of blood in a body part
97
atherosclerosis
buildup of plaque on the inner walls of an artery that causes the artery to narrow
