PHARM Flashcards
ALBUTEROL (Proventil)
MDI 90mcg/puff
selective b2 agonist; bronchodilator
A: 4-8 puffs
P: same
q20min x 3 doses, then q1-4hrs PRN
COPD/Asthma
CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA, TACHYCARDIA, HYPERTENSION
Sympathomimetics > relaxes bronchial sm. muscles > bronchodilate
ALBUTEROL (Proventil)
NEB
selective b2 agonist; bronchodilator
A: 2.5-5mg
P: 0.15mg/kg
q20min x 3 doses, then q1-4hr PRN
COPD/Asthma
CARDIAC ARRHYTHMIA, TACHYCARDIA, HTN
Sympathomimetic > relaxes bronchial sm. muscle > bronchodilation
IPRATROPIUM (Atrovent)
anticholinergic, bronchodilator
A: 0.5mg NEB
P: 0.25-0.5mg NEB
q20min x 3min (MAX)
COPD/Asthma
BLURRED VISION, TACHYCARDIA
Inhibits ACh in bronchial smooth muscle (inhibit parasymp NS)
EPINEPHRINE (1mg/1ml)
for respiratory issues
sympathomimetic, vasopressor, inotrope
A: 0.3-0.5mg IM q20min x 3
or 0.5ml(0.5mg) NEB in 3mL NS over 15min q2hr
P: 0.01mg/kg IM q20min x 3
or 0.05ml(or 0.05mg)/kg NEB in 3mL NS over 15min
Croup
TACHYCARDIA, HTN, ARRHYTHMIA, CHEST PAIN [NO IV USE]
stimulates a1, b1, b2 receptors (b1~b2 > a1)
MAGNESIUM SULFATE
electrolyte, antiarrhythmic, anticonvulsant
A: 2g IV/IO over 10min
P: 50mg/kg (max 2g) IV/IO over 10min
Refractory Asthma
DILUTE INTO 50-100ml OR D5W, WEAKNESS, RESPIRATORY DEPRESSION, HYPOTENSION
decrease ACh in motor nerve terminal; decrease SA node impulse formation, prolong conduction
EPINEPHRINE
anaphylaxis
sympathomimetic, vasopressor, inotrope
A: 0.3-0.5mg IM
P: 0.01mg/kg IM (max 0.3mg)
Add doses q5-15min until improve or start infusion
Anaphylaxis
HOLD FOR 10 SEC
stimulates a1, b1, b2 adrenergic receptors (b1~b2>a1)
DIPHENHYDRAMINE (Benadryl)
antihistamine, H1 blocker
A: 25-50mg IV/IO/PO
P: 1mg/kg IV/IO/PO
Allergy / Anaphylaxis
MINOR SEDATION
H1 receptor antagonist; sedative and anticholinergic effects; reverses EPS
METHLYPREDNISOLONE (Solu-Medrol)
systemic corticosteroid
A: 125mg IV/IO
P: 1-2mg/kg IV
NO REPEAT
Anaphylaxis, Allergy, Asthma
DO NOT USE FOR HEAD TRAUMA / SYSTEMIC FUNGAL INFECTION / CAUTION GI BLEED
synthetic glucocorticoid that suppresses acute and chronic inflammation
Short Acting beta 2 agonist
Albuterol (Proventil)
Levalbuterol (Xopenex)
DEXAMETHASONE (AK-Dex)
corticosteroid
dosage depends on treatment
astham, croup, multiple sclerosis, allergix rxn, cerebral edema, shock
PREDNISONE (Deltasone)
corticosteroid
Adults: 20-60mg PO in single dose or bid x 3-10 days
Peds: 1-2mg/kg PO
Pulmonary Edema Treatment
Position & PPV
Oxygen
Nitroglycerin
Diuretics
NITROGLYCERIN
0.4 mg SL q3-5min (max. 3 doses);
10mcg/min IV (max. 200mcg/min)
HEADACHE, HYPOTENSION, REFLEX TACHYCARDIA, HYPOTENSION, DON’T USE IF TAKEN VIAGRA
FUROSEMIDE (Lasix)
loop diuretics “water pills”
0.5-1mg/kg IV; 20-80mg PO/IV
edema, acute pulmonary edema, HTN, hyperkalemia
HYPOKALEMIA, DIZZINESS, HYPOCALCEMIA, HYPOTENSION
dec Na resorption > dec water retention > pee’d out
