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300-F1 CPP > A&P: Integumentary System > Flashcards

A&P: Integumentary System Flashcards

1
Q

Cutaneous Membrane

A

skin

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2
Q

Layers of Skin

A

Epidermis and Dermis

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3
Q

Epidermis

A

keratinized stratified squamous epithelium; avascular

contains keratinocytes, dendritic cells, melanocytes, tactile epithelial cells

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4
Q

Keratinocytes

A

produces keratin (tough protein for protection)

majority

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5
Q

Melanocytes

A

produce pigment Melanin

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6
Q

Melanin

A

protects against UV radiation

DNA protection

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7
Q

Dendritic Cells

A

involved in immune responses

arises from red bone marrow

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8
Q

Tactile Epithelial Cells

A

aka Merkel Cells

f(x) in sensation of touch along with adjacent nonencapsulated sensory corpuscle (Merkel Disc)

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9
Q

Layers of Epidermis
“Come, Let’s Get Sun Burned!”

A

Stratum Corneum
Stratum Lucidum (non existant in thin skin)
Stratum Granulosum
Stratum Spinosum
Stratum Basale

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10
Q

Stratum Basale

A

continuous cell division occurs

aka ~ germinativum

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11
Q

Stratum Spinosum

A

not quite keratinized yet

held together by desmosomes

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12
Q

Stratum Granulosum

A

beginning of Apoptosis of keratinocytes

Keratohyalin and Lamellar Granules present

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13
Q

Keratohyalin

A

assembles keratin in Stratum Granulosum

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14
Q

Lamellar Granules

A

in Stratum Granulosum; waterproofs cell

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15
Q

Stratum Lucidum

A

extra layer only present in thick skins (sole, fingertips, etc)

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16
Q

Stratum Corneum

A

stratified squamous dead keratinocytes (Corneocyte or Squames) present

Callus may be formed

17
Q

Dermis

A

connective tissue of Cutaneous Membrane

thicker than epidermis

houses blood vessels, nerves, glands, hair follicles

Papillary Region and Reticular Region

18
Q

Papillary Region

A

composed of of Areolar CT (loose)

contains Dermal Papillae, Capillary Loops, Corpuscles of Touch (Meissner Corpuscles), and Free Nerve Ending

19
Q

Reticular Region

A

composed of Dense Irregular CT

blood vessels, nerves, hair follicles, sebaceous glands, sudoriferous glands

20
Q

Subcutaneous Layer

A

aka Hypodermis; NOT part of skin

attaches skin to underlying tissues and organs

contains Lamellar Corpuscles (sensitive to pressure)

21
Q

Pili

A

hair

protection, reduction of heat loss, sensing light touch

entirely keratinized epidermal cells

22
Q

Structure of Hair

A

Shaft
Root
Hair Bulb
Hair Root Plexus
Hair Follicle

23
Q

Sebaceous Glands

A

secrete oil substance called sebum (holocrine)

24
Q

Sebum

A

prevents dehydration of hair and skin

inhibit growth of certain bacteria

25
Q

Sudoriferous Gland

A

sweat gland

eccrine vs apocrine

26
Q

Eccrine Sweat Glands

A

opens to surface of the skin

sweat mostly water (and some ions)

27
Q

Apocrine Sweat Glands

A

opens into hair follicle

eccrine sweat + lipids and proteins

28
Q

Ceruminous Glands

A

modified sweat glands in the ear

prevents entry of foreign bodies

29
Q

Nail

A

composed of keratinized epidermal cells

f(x) couterpressure to palmar surface for enhanced touch perception and manipulation

pick things up

scratching

protect underlying structures

30
Q

Structure of Nail

A

free edge

nail body (plate)

lunula at base

nail root (under the skin)

31
Q

Functions of Integumentary System

A

Thermoregulation

Blood Reservoir

Protection

Sensation

Excretion and Absorption

Vitamin D Synthesis

32
Q

Epidermal Wound Healing

A

migration of basal epithelial cells across the wound and thickening

33
Q

Dermal Wound Healing

A

Inflammatory
Migratory
Proliferation
Maturation

34
Q

Inflammatory phase of Deep Wound Healing

A

blood clot forms uniting wound edge

blood vessels dilate increasing permeability and allow delivery of white blood cells, macrophages, mesenchymal fibroblasts

35
Q

Migratory phase of Deep Wound Healing

A

clot scabs

epithelium cell creat bridge under scab

36
Q

Proliferation phase of deep wound healing

A

extensive growth of epithelial cells

fibroblasts deposit collagen fibers

blood vessels grow

37
Q

Maturation phase of deep wound healing

A

scab falls off

collagen fibers more organized

fibroblasts decrease

blood vessels restore to normal

300-F1 CPP (16 decks)

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