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300-F1 CPP > EKG > Flashcards

EKG Flashcards

1
Q

NORMAL SINUS RHYTHM

A

rhythm: regular
rate: 60 ~ 100
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: 0.12 ~ 0.20 sec (3~5 sm sq)
QRS: present / uniform / <3 sm sq

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2
Q

SINUS BRADYCARDIA

A

rhythm: regular
rate: <60
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: 0.12 ~ 0.20sec (3~5 sm sq)
QRS: present / uniform / <3 sm sq

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3
Q

SINUS TACHYCARDIA

A

rhythm: regular
rate: >100
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: 0.12 ~ 0.20sec (3~5 smsq)
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

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4
Q

SINUS ARRHYTHMIA

A

rhythm: regularly irregular (2-3 smsq difference)
rate: 60 ~ 100
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: 0.12 ~ 0.20sec (3-5 smsq)
QRS: present / uniform / <3smsq

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5
Q

SINUS ARREST / PAUSE

A

rhythm: regularly irregular (due to random pause)
rate: 60 ~ 100 (needs to guesstimate)
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: 0.12 ~ 0.20sec (3-5 smsq)
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

[SA fails to initiate impulse -> no P wave -> nothing follows]

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6
Q

PREMATURE ATRIAL COMPLEX (PAC)

A

rhythm: irregular (regularly or irregularly)
rate: varies
p wave: present / upright / abnormal shape
PRI: 3~5 smsq
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

NOT A RHYTHM
- atria fires before SA node, producing a beat sooner
- overall wave looks normal; just occurs early
- T and P looks almost continuous

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7
Q

SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (SVT)

A

rhythm: regular
rate: 150 ~ 250
p wave: masked by QRS
PRI: can’t determine (no P)
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

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8
Q

PAROXYSMAL SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (PSVT)

aka PAROXYSMAL ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA (PAT)

A

rhythm: Regular
rate: 150 ~ 250
p wave: masked by QRS
PRI: can’t determine (no P)
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

SUDDEN occurrence of SVT and reversion to normal rhythm
need to witness to declare

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9
Q

ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (A-FIB)

A

rhythm: irregularly irregular
rate: atrial = 350-400; ventricular = varies
p wave: abnormal, quivers
PRI: can’t determine
QRS: <3 smsq

atria quivers/fibrillates; no contraction
rate <60, ~ w/ slow ventricular response;
rate>120, ~ w/ fast ventricular response

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10
Q

ATRIAL FLUTTER

A

rhythm: regular
rate: atrial 250~400; ventricular=varies
p wave: F waves (sawtooth shape)
PRI: varies
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

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11
Q

WANDERING ATRIAL PACEMAKER (WAP)

A

rhythm: irregularly irregular
rate: 60 ~ 100
p wave: present / upright / not uniform
PRI: varies
QRS: <3 smsq

NOT A RHYTHM
pacemaker moves from SA node to elsewhere in Atria
so p wave shape is different and irregularly irregular

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12
Q

MULTIFOCAL ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA (MAT)

A

rhythm: irregularly irregular
rate: >100
p wave: present / upright / not uniform
PRI: varies
QRS: <3 smsq

NOT A RHYTHM
basically tachy WAP

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13
Q

JUNCTIONAL (ESCAPE) RHYTHM

A

rhythm: regular
rate: 40 ~ 60
p wave: inverted or absent / before, during, after QRS / uniform
PRI: <3 smsq or not measurable
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

originates @/around AV node and Bundle of His and travel down; may travel up as well

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14
Q

ACCELERATED JUNCTIONAL RHYTHM

A

rhythm: regular
rate: 60 ~ 100
p wave: inverted or absent / before, during, or after QRS
PRI: <3 smsq or not measurable
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

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15
Q

JUNCTIONAL TACHYCARDIA

A

rhythm: regular
rate: >100
p wave: inverted or absent / before, during, or after QRS
PRI: <3 smsq or can’t measure
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

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16
Q

PREMATURE JUNCTIONAL CONTRACTION

A

rhythm: irregular during
rate: varies
p wave: inverted or absent / before, during, after QRS
PRI: <3 smsq or not measurable
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

NOT A RHYTHM
~PAC + inverted p followed by a slight pause

17
Q

FIRST-DEGREE HEART BLOCK

A

rhythm: regular
rate: varies
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: consistently >5smsq
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

LEAST SERIOUS
SA node’s impulse is delayed longer at AV node/BoH

18
Q

SECOND-DEGREE TYPE 1 HEART BLOCK
(WENCKEBACH)

A

rhythm: atrial=regular; ventricular=irregular
rate: ventricular is progressively slower than atrial (falls behind)
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: progressively prolongs until 1 QRS fails; repeats
QRS: present / uniform / <3 smsq

NOT A RHYTHM
each impulse is delayed a little longer and doesn’t fire; repeats

19
Q

SECOND-DEGREE TYPE 2 HEART BLOCK
(CLASSICAL)

A

rhythm: atrial=regular; ventricular=irregular
rate: sure
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: constant
QRS: present / uniform / sudden absence / <3 smsq

NOT A RHYTHM
sudden drop of QRS w/o PRI changes (like type 1)

20
Q

THIRD-DEGREE HEART BLOCK

A

rhythm: regular
rate: intrinsic; atrial = 60~100 / ventricular = <60
p wave: present / upright / uniform
PRI: varies
QRS: present / uniform / varies

NOT A RHYTHM
p wave and QRS (atria and ventricle) impulses independently

21
Q

PREMATURE VENTRICULAR COMPLEX

A

rhythm: irregular during
rate: varies
p wave: absent
PRI: not measurable
QRS: wide / >3 smsq / unifocal vs multifocal

NOT A RHYTHM
ventricles takes over w/o impulses from SA or AV nodes

22
Q

PVC COUPLET

A

2 PVCs back to back

23
Q

PVC SALVOS
“RUNS OF VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA”

A

3 or more PVCs in a row

24
Q

PVC BI, TRI, QUADGEMINY

A

single PVC at every 2nd, 3rd, 4th beat

25
Q

IDIOVENTRICULAR RHYTHM
“VENTRICULAR ESCAPE RHYTHM”

A

rhythm: regular
rate: 20 ~ 40
p wave: none
PRI: not measurable
QRS: wide / >3 smsq

26
Q

ACCELERATED IDIOVENTRICULAR RHYTHM

A

rhythm: regular
rate: 40 ~ 100
p wave: none
PRI: not measurable
QRS: abnormal / >3 smsq

27
Q

MONOMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

A

rhythm: regular
rate: >100
p wave: none
PRI: not measurable
QRS: usually monomorphic / wide / >3 smsq

28
Q

TORSADES DE POINTES
POLYMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA

A

rhythm: regular
rate: >100
p wave: none
PRI: not measurable
QRS: polymorhpic / wide / >3 smsq

29
Q

VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION

A

rhythm: irregular
rate: cant determine
p wave: none
PRI: none
QRS: none

entire heart is fibrillating w/o organized contraction
coarse (early stage) vs fine
chaotic wave ht length vs very shallow squiggly line

30
Q

ASYSTOLE

A

rhythm: none
rate: none
p wave: none
PRI: none
QRS: none

FLAT LINE

31
Q

AGONAL RHYTHM

A

rhythm: usually regular
rate: <20
p wave: none
PRI: none
QRS: wide / >3 smsq

32
Q

PULSELESS ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY (PEA)

A

any rhythm without palpable pulse

300-F1 CPP (16 decks)

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