Personality and Impulse Control Disorders Flashcards
Definition of a personality disorder
Enduring patter of inner experience and behavior that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, has its onset in adolescence or early adulthod, is stable over time, and leads to clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning
What percentage of the population has personality disorders
10-20% of the general population
When do they generally start
late adolescence….late onset personality changes are often associated with other problems like neurological problems or substance abuse
People who were raised in chaos and/or abuse are, understandably, deficient in “basic trust”
ok
Extended early emotional trauma and abuse have been shown to adversely affect coping skills as well as brain development
ok
Remember that defense mechanisms are what
mostly unconscious cognitive strategies to help deal with stressful information
Three personality clusers
weird, wild, worried
Cluster A (weird) encompasses which types of personalities?
- Paranoid
- Schizoid
- Schizotypal
Paranoid personality
- Always look for wrong doing and malicious meaning
- rigid, defensive,
- suspicious
- unforgiving
Schizoid
solitary
- Does not want close relationships
- Emotionally cold and detached
- chooses solitary jobs and night shifts
Schizotypal personality
- cognitive and perceptual distortions and eccentricities, odd appearance and speech, no close friends
- this can be the premorbid phase of schiophrenia
Cluster B (wild)
Impulsive, dramatic, mood swings
Extroverted
Short attention span
Intense/ stormy relationships
Antisocial Personality Disorder
Means the patient “defies social rules”. Has nothing to do with being not-social.
No conscience/ never at fault
Antisocial Personality disorder age guidelines
- Patient must be 18 or older for diagnosis and have shown evidence of conduct disorder with onset age before 15.
Histrionic
Multiple somatic complaints
sexually seductive/ unaware
Emotionally labile
Narcissistic
pretty self-explanatoyr
Borderline Personality
Unstable moods, mood swings
STORMY RELATIONSHIPS, poor choices
Often confused wit bipolar disorder
All or nothing thinking
Often seen in ppl with hx of substance abuse, physical abuse, self-injurious behavior, suicidal gestures/attempts
Borderline features
- substance abuse or misuse
- history of severe physical, emotional, sexual abuse
- Self- injurious behavior
- chronic feelings of emptiness relieved by pain
Splitting
Seeing the world in only black and white
- Playing ppl against each other
- Causes discord and stress in the environment
Cluster C (anxious) subgroups
OCD, Dependent, Avoidant
Intermittent explosive diorder
Sudden bursts of anger that are disproportionate to the triggering event. These attacks remit spontaneously, usually followed by deep regret.
What does the DSM-IV require for the diagnosis of all personality disorders..
Requires that the person display core maladaptive characteristics in multiple contexts, such as in both a social and occupational setting.
Also, elements of the disorder must appear before age 18 but the diagnosis is generally not applied until adulthood.
