Personality

Question 1

Psychoanalytic perspective

Answer 1

Personality results from unconscious urges and desires

Freud
Jung
Adler
Horney

Question 2

Freud’s Theory

Answer 2

Id
Superego
Ego

All three operate, at least in part, in the unconscious

Question 3

Id

Answer 3

base urges of survival and reproduction (devil on shoulder “I want it now”)

Question 4

Superego

Answer 4

The idealist and perfectionist (Homer “We need to plan and wait in order to have it”)

Question 5

Ego

Answer 5

Mediator between the two and the conscious mind. Ego uses defense mechanisms to lower stress. (Angel “You can’t have it, it’s not right”)

Question 6

Jung

Answer 6

Collective unconscious links all humans together

Personality is influenced by archetypes

Question 7

Adler & Horney

Answer 7

Unconscious is motivated by social urges

Question 8

Humanistic Perspective

Answer 8

Emphasizes the internal feelings of healthy individuals as they strive for happiness and self-realization.

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and Roger’s unconditional positive regard flow from the humanistic view of personality

Question 9

Type and Trait Theory

Answer 9

Personality can be described by identifiable traits that carry characteristic behaviors

Question 10

Type Theories (4)

Answer 10

Ancient Greek humors

Sheldon’s somatotypes

Divisions into Type A and Type B

Myers-Briggs Type Inventory

Question 11

Trait Theories (3)

Answer 11

PEN

Big Five (OCEAN)

3 Basic Traits

Question 12

PEN

Answer 12

Psychoticism (nonconformity)

Extraversion (sociable)

Neuroticism (arousal in stressful situations)

Question 13

Big Five

Answer 13

OCEAN

1. Openness
2. Conscientiousness
3. Extraversion
4. Agreeableness
5. Neuroticism

Question 14

3 Basic Traits

Answer 14

1. Cardinal traits (traits around which a person organizes their life)
2. Central traits (major characteristics of personality)
3. Secondary traits (more personal characteristics and limited in occurrence)

Question 15

Social Cognitive Persepctive

Answer 15

Individuals react with their environment in a cycle called reciprocal determinism.

People mold their environments according to their personality, and those environments in turn shape their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Question 16

Behaviorist Perspective

Answer 16

Our personality develops as a result of operant conditioning (reward and punishment based)

Question 17

Biological perspective

Answer 17

Behavior can be explained as a result of genetic expression