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AP Psychology > Personality > Flashcards

Personality Flashcards

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1
Q

Sigmund Freud

A

psychoanalysis
unconscious
free association
dream analysis

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2
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts (believed to be the cause of you personality)

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3
Q

Unconscious

A

unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings, desires, urges, memories

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4
Q

Free Association

A

exploring the unconscious by relaxing and saying whatever comes to mind no matter how trivial or embarrassing

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5
Q

Id

A

operates on pleasure principle, strives to satisfy selfish impulses and needs, not constrained by reality, wants to avoid pain and receive instant gratification

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6
Q

Ego

A

operates on reality principle, mediates the demands of the id and superego, primary acting force of the personality and structure

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7
Q

Superego

A

voice of conscious, focuses on how one ought to behave, thinks of what’s best for society, strives for perfection

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8
Q

Oral Stage

A

(0-18 months)
Pleasure centers on mouth; sucking, biting, chewing
Oral Fixation

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9
Q

Anal Stage

A

(18-36 months)
Pleasure focuses on bowl and bladder elimination
Demand for Control

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10
Q

Phallic Stage

A

(3-6 years)
Pleasure zone is in the genitals
Oedipus or Electra Complex

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11
Q

Latency Stage

A

(6 to puberty)

Dormant sexual feelings

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12
Q

Genital Stage

A

(Puberty on)

maturation of sexual interest

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13
Q

Defense Mechanisms

A

Ego’s protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality

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14
Q

Displacement

A

shifting impulses toward a more acceptable or less threatening object or person

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15
Q

Projection

A

disguising one’s own threatening impulses by attributing to others

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16
Q

Sublimation

A

directing unacceptable urges or desires into socially acceptable behavior

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17
Q

Regression

A

returning to an earlier more comforting infantile form of behavior

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18
Q

Rationalization

A

offering self justifying explanations in place of the real, more threatening reason’s for one’s actions

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19
Q

Repression

A

banishes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories from consciousness

20
Q

Reaction Formation

A

expressing the opposite of how one truly feels

21
Q

Denial

A

refusing to acknowledge what has, is, or will happen

22
Q

Alfred Adler

A

inferiority complex: Children learning to overcome inadequacies from parents- the pattern they learn produces a lifestyle

23
Q

Karen Horney

A

Childhood anxiety: a child’s helplessness requires him/her to seek love and security

24
Q

Carl Jung

A

Collective unconscious: a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from the species’ history

25
Q

TAT

A

a projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes

26
Q

Rorshach Inkblot Test

A

the most widely used projective test, a set of 10 inkblots, seeks to identify peoples inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of the blots

27
Q

First born

A

leader

28
Q

Middle born

A

mediator

29
Q

Last born

A

rebel

30
Q

Humanistic theory

A

focus on human potential for growth

31
Q

self concept

A

all our thoughts and feelings we have about ourselves

32
Q

Maslow’s hierarchy of needs

A
  1. physiological
  2. safety
  3. love and belonging
  4. esteem
  5. self-actualization
  6. self-transcendence
33
Q

Carl Rogers

A

believed that in order for us to develop into healthy humans, we need genuineness, acceptance, and empathy

34
Q

Unconditional Positive Regard

A

an attitude of total acceptance toward another person

35
Q

self-serving bias

A

we view ourselves as better than average

36
Q

criticisms

A
  • reinforces western cultural values
  • hierarchy may reflect only Maslow’s personal values and ideals
  • fails to appreciate reality of human capacity for evill
37
Q

Personality Inventories

A

questionnaire used to measure a person’s score opn certain traits

38
Q

MMPI

A

Minnesota Multiphasic personality Inventory- most widely used

39
Q

CANOE

A 
Conscientiousness 
Agreeableness
Neuroticism 
Openness to experience
Extroversion
40
Q

Albert Bandera

A

Proposed social cognitive theory

bobo doll study

41
Q

Reciprocal determinsim

A

how we interact with the environment shapes who we are and vice versa

42
Q

Self-efficacy

A

our perceived ability to succeed

43
Q

locus of control

A

do we control what happens to us (internal locus) or do we have no control over life (external locus)

44
Q

learned helplessness

A

no control over repeated bad events leads to giving up

45
Q

optimism vs pessimism

A

measure of attitude and outlook

AP Psychology (14 decks)

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