peripheral venous disease Flashcards
treatment of varicose veins
injection with ultrasound-guided foam scleropathy
or
thermal ablation
where does thrombosis usually occur
in veins of the leg and pelvis
where does superficial thrombophlebitis common occur
the saphenous veins
what symptoms of superficial thrombophlebitis
painful, tender, cord-like structure with associated redness and swelling
treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis
bed rest and analgesics
when does thrombosis occur
after periods of immobilisation
where does DVT occur
in veins of the calf
symptoms of DVT
- pain in calf
- swelling, redness
- affected calf if warm
- ankle oedema
- cyanotic discolouration
what can occur with DVT
PE
what score is used for DVT
Wells Score
what is done for investigation
Doppler ultrasound
what is main aim of therapy
to prevent PE
what must all patients be with thrombi above the knee
anticoagulated
what has replaced heparin
LMWH
what is DVT treated with
at home with LMWH
what is done when INR is in target range
warfarin is started and heparin stopped
how long is warfarin given for
3 months but 4 weeks is long enough
what do recurrent DVTs need
permanent anticoagulatns
what is target INR
2.5
risk factors for venous thrombosis
- cancer treatment
- age >60
- long distant flight
- obesity
- hormone replacement e.g. contraceptive pill
- pregnancy
what should at risk patients get
prophylaxis e.g. fondaparinux or LMWH
