pericarditis Flashcards
what is the pericardium
protective covering for the heart
what does pericardium consist of
- outer fibrous pericardial sac
- inner serous pericardium
what does the outer pericardium line
the fibrous sac
what is normal amount of pericardial fluid
20-49mL
what does the pericardial fluid do
lubricate the surface of the heart
what is pericarditis
inflammation of the pericardium
what are most cases caused by
unknown
causes
- infection e.g. TB, strep, staph, H.influenza
- tumours
- autoimmune
- post-surgical
- post-radiation
- familial
what is most common viral cause
Coxsackie B virus
echovirus
how long does viral pericarditis last
short time
what is an implication
HIV
what can bacterial pericarditis occur with
- septicaemia
- pneumonia
what is a frequent cause of bacterial pericarditis in HIV patients
staph aureus
what does TB pericarditis present with
- low grade fever in evening
- SOB
- malaise
- night sweats
- weight loss
what is required for diagnosis of TB pericarditis
pericardial aspiration
what is an outcome of TB pericarditis
constrictive pericarditis
what is treatment for TB pericarditis
as for pulmonary tuberculosis plus prednisolone daily for 2-3 weeks
what is a frequent complication of endemic fungal infections
pericarditis
when can pericarditis occur after MI
first few days following MI
what type of MI is post-MI pericarditis common with
- anterior MI
- STEMI
with high serum cardiac enzymes
what is post-MI pericarditis usually a feature of
Dressler syndrome
what are differential diagnosis of post-MI pericarditis
- new MI
- unstable angina
what are common causes of malignant pericarditis
- carcinoma of bronchus
- carcinoma of breast
- Hodgkins lymphoma
what is uraemic pericarditis due to
irritation of the pericardium by accumulating toxins
