myocarditis Flashcards
1
Q
what is it
A
acute inflammation of the myocardium
2
Q
causes
A
- idiopathic
- infective
- toxic
- autoimune
- alcohol
- hydrocarbons
3
Q
what are the infective causes
A
- adenovirus
- HIV
- polio
- parasites
- bacterial (streptococcus, diphtheria)
- lyme disease
- fungal
4
Q
what are the toxic causes
A
- drugs
- penicillin
- radiation
5
Q
what are the autoimmune causes
A
- giant cell myocarditis
- autoimmune form
6
Q
what is the most common cause in the west
A
Coxsackie or adenoviral infection
7
Q
what is Chagas’ disease due to
A
trypansoma cruzi
8
Q
what is the pathology of the acute phase
A
heart is flabby with focal haemorrhages
9
Q
what is the pathology of chronic phase
A
heart is enlarged and hypertrophied
10
Q
what is seen histologically
A
inflammatory infiltrate is present
11
Q
what predominates with viral causes
A
lymphocytes
12
Q
what predominates with bacterial causes
A
polymorphonuclear
13
Q
what predominates with allergic and hypersensitivity causes
A
eosinophils
14
Q
symptoms
A
- asymptomatic
- fatigue
- palpitations
- chest pain
- dyspnoea
- fulminant congestive cardiac failure
15
Q
physical examination
A
- soft heart sounds
- prominent third sound
- tachycardia
- pericardial friction rub may be heard
