Peripheral vascular diseases and anticoagulation Flashcards
pathophysiology of peripheral arterial disease is related to –
degree of stenosis and flow of velocity
two types of PAD
intermittent claudication and severe leg ischemia
cramping, aching and fatigue with exercise but immediately improves with rest
intermittent claudication
nocturnal or rest pain, ulceration and even gangrene (hair loss over toes and toe nail thickening)
sever leg ischemia
diagnosis for PAD
Doppler ultrasonagraphy
thrombosis and inflammation of 1 or more superficial veins
superficial thrombophlebitis
superficial thrombophlebitis is also called –
spider veins and varicose veins
signs of superficial thrombophlebitis
localized pain, swelling, redness, and tenderness
superficial thrombophlebitis increases the risk for –
DVT
thrombosis and occlusion of a deep vein
deep vein thrombosis
signs of deep vein thrombosis
leg pain, swelling, cyanosis, prominence of superficial veins
DVT is highly correlated with –
pulmonary embolism
diagnosis of DVT
contrast venography is gold std but compression US is more comfortable and common
life style modification
PAD management
control of comorbidities
PAD management
anti-PLT drugs
PAD management
angioplasty and stenting
PAD management
mechanical thrombolysis (prevent blood pooling)
PVD management
anticoagulation
PVD management
compression stocking
PVD management
venal caval filters (precaution: may dislodge)
PVD management
to treat DVT, a IVC filter is placed through inferior vena cava with access through –
jugular vein or femoral vein
function of elastic compression stockings
reduce swelling and prevent blood from pooling in leg veins
guided by a contrast venogram, a catheter is inserted into the affected vein, the clot is broken up by a mechanical tool or a high-velocity liquid jet and aspirated
thrombectomy
