CV 5 Pericarditis

Question 1

Main roles of pericardium

Answer 1

1. protective barrier from spread of infection

2. maintain heart shape

Question 2

what vessels can change venous return to heart?

Answer 2

caval vessels within pericardial space

Question 3

the vessels of the LA are –

Answer 3

extrapericardial

Question 4

potential space between 2 serous pericardial layers contain 30 cc of fluid + electrolyte + plasma-like proteins

Answer 4

pericardial complex

Question 5

about 120 cc of additional fluid can accumulate in pericardium without –

Answer 5

increase in pressure

Question 6

severe fluid accumulation

Answer 6

effusion

Question 7

severe decrease in cardiac output leads to hypotension

Answer 7

cardiac tamponade

Question 8

with effusion, the pericardial pressure markedly increases, preventing proper heart filling during diastole

Answer 8

acute pericarditis

Question 9

chronic persistent inflammation may lead to severe fibrosis, adhesion, and calcification of pericardium

Answer 9

constrictive pericarditis

Question 10

cardiac tamponade = compression of heart caused by blood or fluid accumulation in the –

Answer 10

pericardial space

Question 11

most common cause in young adults

Answer 11

idiopathic

Question 12

sharp or stabbing chest pain

Answer 12

acute pericarditis

Question 13

for acute, pain may be –

Answer 13

sudden or gradual and may radiate to back, neck, left arm, shoulder

Question 14

what may aggravate acute pain?

Answer 14

movement and inspiration

Question 15

relieve acute pain

Answer 15

leans forward while sitting

Question 16

low-grade intermittent fever, dyspnea, cough, dysphagia

Answer 16

symptoms of acute

Question 17

most common and important physical finding of acute pericarditis?

Answer 17

pericardial friction rub

Question 18

friction rub sounds like –

Answer 18

walking on crunchy snow

Question 19

– due to death of myocardium (rule out heart attack) may be elevated indicating myocarditis

Answer 19

cardiac enzymes

Question 20

abnormal chest x-ray may show infiltrate with –

Answer 20

viral or mycoplasma infections

Question 21

abnormal echocardiogram may show – or ventricular dysfunction with myocarditis

Answer 21

cardiac effusion

Question 22

with inadequate response to initial tx, – to treat acute pericarditis

Answer 22

corticosteroids

non-steroidal immunosuppressants

Question 23

to correct effusion (remove as little as 30-50 mL may produce dramatic hemodynamic improvement)

Answer 23

pericardiocentesis

Question 24

surgical stripping of the scarred portio of the pericardium for constrictive pericarditis

Answer 24

pericardiectomy

Question 25

manipulating gingival tissue

Answer 25

AB prophylaxis

Question 26

routine anesthetic injections thru non-infected tissues

Answer 26

no AB prophylaxis

Question 27

taking radiographs

Answer 27

no AB prophylaxis

Question 28

place/adjust removable orthodontic or prosthetic appliances

Answer 28

no AB prophylaxis

Question 29

periapical region of tooth

Answer 29

AB prophylaxis

Question 30

perforation of oral mucosa

Answer 30

AB prophylaxis

Question 31

bleeding from trauma to lips or oral mucosa

Answer 31

no AB prophylaxis