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► Med Misc 44 > Peripheral Nervous System "SNS) > Flashcards

Peripheral Nervous System "SNS) Flashcards

1
Q

The Peripheral Nervous system has 2 divisions what are they?

A

somatic

Autonomic

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2
Q

the somatic nervous system sends Motor (efferent) impulses to where?

A 
Skeletal muscle 
(does not have a junction as the Autonomic does)
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3
Q

The autonomic nervous system has 2 divisions. what are they?

A

Sympathetic nervous system (SNS)

Parasympathetic Nervous System (PNS)

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4
Q

Sympathetic PREganglionic nerves generally have _____ lengths. While sympathetic POSTganglionic neurons have ______ lengths

A 
short lengths (preganglionic)
Long Lengths ( post ganglionic)
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5
Q

Parasympathetis PREganglionic nerves generally have ______ lengths. While Parasympathetic POSTganglionic neurons have _____ lengths.

A 
Long lengths (preganglionic)
Short Lengths (postganglionic)
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6
Q

What is the predominant NT in the periphery

A

ACh

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7
Q

the Autonomic division is also termed the what division?

A

Visceral Efferent division

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8
Q

what is a ganglion

A

A peripheral collection of nerve cell bodies

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9
Q

how can you tell the autonomic division vs the somatic division

A

the autonomic division has an interruption

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10
Q

is the peripheral nervous system protected by bones?

A

no

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11
Q

explain the Parasympathetic Nervous system

include Pre and post ganglion fiber, and NT

A

Long preganglionic
Short Postgangionic
preganglionic and Postgangliionic NT ACH
Cholinergic fibers

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12
Q

What type of fibers are the PNS?

A

Cholinergic

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13
Q

explain the sympathetic Nervous system

include Pre and post ganglion fiber, and NT

A 
Short pre
Long post
Pre NT ACh
Post NT NE
Adrenergic Fibers
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14
Q

What type of fibers are the SNS

A

Adrenergic

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15
Q

what part of the Autonomic division is the odd ball and why?

A

Adrenal Medulla
b/c it has to Post ganglionic, the preganglionic fiber goes directly to adrenal medulla and releases ACh then the adrenal medulla releases hormones epi and NE

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16
Q

what does the somatic divisions nerve fiber look like?

A

1 long uninterrupted neuron

from cord to skeletal muscle

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17
Q

What NT does the Somatic division release at the nerve terminal?

A

ACh

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18
Q

What receptors are found on tissues innervated by the PNS

A

Muscarinic

19
Q

What receptors are found at the autonomic ganglion on the cells of the adrenal medulla and motor end-plate of skeletal muscle?

A

Nicotinic

20
Q

receptors can be what 2 types?

A 
ion channels (open)
G-protein coupled (2nd messengers)
21
Q

What type of receptor is the nicotinic

A

Ion channel

22
Q

What type of receptor is the muscarinic

A

G -protein

23
Q

How would you know if it is a muscarinic receptor?

A

it’s at the tissue

24
Q

see page 32 of sweat book to see the receptor sites

A

look at muscarinic and nicotinic

25
Q

what is the other name for the SNS

A

thoracolumbar

26
Q

The SNS or thoracolumbar system outflow arises from what segments

A

T-1 to L2 (or L3)

27
Q

Most sympathetic PREganglionic neurons synapse with the POSTganglionic fibers where?

A

paravertebral ganglion (side note.. this is right next to the spinal cord thus the reason for SNS has a Short preganglionic and long post

28
Q

the Sympathetic cardiac accelerators arise from where?

A

T1-T4

29
Q

The stellate ganglion is formed by what?

A

the inferior cervical and first thoracic ganglion

30
Q

tell me 3 ways to know that it is the SNS

A

Short pre
Long post
Arise from thoracic or lumbar

31
Q

In The SNS or thoracolumbar system all PREganglionic fibers pass through what?

A

white rami

32
Q

In The SNS or thoracolumbar system some not all POSTganglionic fibers pass through what

A

Gray ramus

33
Q

When presynaptic alpha-2 receptors are stimulated by NE or any other drug with alpa-2 receptor agonist activity, the synthesis and release of NE is decreased, this is called what?

A

Negative feedback system

34
Q

What is the order of the breakdown of NE

A

Diffuse away from receptor
Reuptake (80%)
MOA and COMT

35
Q

what is MOA

A

MonoAminoOxydase

36
Q

What is COMT

A

Catechol-O-Methyl-Transferase

37
Q

What is the synthesis of NE (end with Epi)

A 
Tyrosine
L-Dopa
Dopamine
Norepinephrine
Epinephrine
38
Q

entry of what ion at the nerve terminal is required to release a NT

A

Calcium

39
Q

what are 2 agents that should be avoided in pts taking MAOi’s and why?

A

indirect acting sympathomimetics (ephedrine)
opioid Meperdine
-B/c both trigger release of NE and may cause HTN crisis

40
Q

what do the receptors do?

Alpha 1

A

Vasoconstriction

Increased Inotropy

41
Q

what do the receptors do?

Alpha 2

A

Decreased outflow of SNS
Inhibit NE release
Vasodilation
Decreased Chronotropy

42
Q

what do the receptors do?

Beta 1

A

Increased Inotropy
Increased Chronotrophy
Increased Dromotropy

43
Q

what do the receptors do?

Beta 2

A

Increased Inotropy
Increased Chronotropy
Peripheral Vasodilation
Bronchodilation

44
Q

What does Alpha 2 receptors do for pain

A

stimulation of Alpha-2 receptors in the substantial gelatinosa of the spinal cord promotes analgesia

► Med Misc 44 (72 decks)

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