Cardiovascular Misc Flashcards
Besides vasodilation both Nipride and nitro have what effects? and why?
Bronchodilator
d/t NO action
how does NO (nitric Oxide) cause vasodilation
released from endothelial cells - activates soluble gaudily cyclase (sGC) - converts guanosine triphosphate (GTP) to the 2nd messenger cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) - cGMP causes smooth muscle dilation (thus both bronchial and vascular)
name the action and other name of drug:
Hydralizine
Apresoline
Arterial dilator
name the action and other name of drug:
Nitroglycerine
Nitro
Venodilator
name the action and other name of drug:
Nitroprusside
Nipride
Arterial and Venous dilator
what kind of hypertrophy is IHSS?
Concentric
What is the one heart condition unlike all others?
IHSS
With IHSS is the myocardial dysfunction caused by anything that the other concentric hypertrophy d/o are from? AKA pressure (HTN)
nope
IHSS: What do you want to do with HR? Rhythm? Preload? Afterload? Contractility?
Maintain HR Sinus High preload (full) After load up decrease contractility
how can you remember what worsens and makes IHSS better?
Old Cats Pee Alot first line increases / 2nd decreases O increased / increased C Increased / decreased P Decreased / Increased A Decreased / Increased
w/ IHSS what may the A-line wave form look like
Bifid (bisferiens pulse)
What is an ideal vasopressor for IHSS
Phenyelphrine
Valve lesions: AR
what is the anesthetic goals
Fast (increase HR)
Full (increase preload)
Forward (decrease after load)
What type of murmur is heard and where at wit AR?
Diastolic
left sternal boarder
what pressor and why is good for AR
ephedrine
Forward movement
Valve lesions: MR
what you wanna do
Increase HR
decrease after load
normal preload (increase worsens regurg and decrease lowers CO)
What do u want to do with HR to all pts with and rugurg
Increase it
What do u wanna do with all pts after load with regurg
Decrease it
Valve lesions: MR
Chronic MR is d/t what (usually)
Rheumatic fever
Valve lesions:AS
what you wanna do
Decrease HR
Keep in NSR
Maiintain preload and afterload
What is a good pressor for AS and why?
Phenylephrine
B/c decrease HR
what is normal AV area
2.5-3.5 cm2
what is the AV for severe AS
0.8-1 cm2
what type and where is the murmur heard for AS
Systolic
right 2nd intercostal space
when are spinals and epidurals contraindicated w/ AS
when it’s severe
Valve lesions:MS
what you wanna do
decrease HR (gives more time for LV to fill) Maintain pre/afterload
what type and where is the murmur for MS
diastolic
Apex
