Control of Ventilation Flashcards
Control of Ventilation:
What does the EFFERENT control?
Motor
Control of Ventilation:
what does the AFFERENT control?
Sensory
Control of Ventilation:
on the diagram (for visual prupose only) mark the efferent and afferent side
Control of Ventilation:
what part of the brain is responsible for ventialtion
brainstem
(pons and medulla)
Control of Ventilation:
what type of muscle is teh diaphram?
Skeletal
Control of Ventilation:
what is the Major Muscle of inspiration?
Diaphram
Control of Ventilation:
the diaphram controlls what % of TV
75%
Control of Ventilation:
the diaphram is made up of what type of receptors
Nicotinic ACh
Control of Ventilation:
what cervical nerves are responsible for the Phrenic nerve?
C3,4,5
Control of Ventilation:
which Ohrenic nerve carries the majority of the Phrenic nerve
C4
Control of Ventilation:
what are the 3 main Motor (effernt) nerves of ventilation?
Phrenic n.
External intercostal n.
Internal intercostal n.
Control of Ventilation:
what type of Nerves are the 3 major motor (efferent) nerves of ventilation?
A-alpha motor neurons
Control of Ventilation:
Picture of the 3 main motor (efferent) nerves of ventilation
Control of Ventilation:
what are the 3 motor (efferent) muscles that the Phrenic, external intercostal, and internal intercostal nerves innervate?
external intercostal
internal intercostal
diaphram
Control of Ventilation:
What Efferent (motor) nerve innervates the Diaphram?
Phrenic n.
Control of Ventilation:
what efferent (motor) nerve innervates the External intercostal muscle?
External Intercostal n.
Control of Ventilation:
what Efferent (motor) n. innervates the internal Intercostal muscle
internal intercostal n.
Control of Ventilation:
Does the External intercostal muscle control Inspiration or expiration?
inspiration
Control of Ventilation:
does the diaphram control inspiration or expiration
inspiration
Control of Ventilation:
dose the Internal intercostal muscle control inspiration or expiration?
both (but more expiration)
Control of Ventilation:
what controls expiration?
mainly passive
but internal intercostals help
Control of Ventilation:
what are the 2 Afferent (sensory) nerves of respiratorion?
Glossopharyngeal n. (hering’s n., Sinus n.)
Vagus n.
Control of Ventilation:
what does the afferent (sensory) Glossopharyngeal n. (IX) origonate? and end?
peripheral chemoreceptors of carotid
end at DRG
Control of Ventilation:
where does the Afferent (sensory) vagus nerve origonate? and end
the Alveolus
peripheral chemore ceptors in aortic arch
ends w/ DRG
Control of Ventilation:
what do peripheral chemoreceptors detect?
CO2
O2
H+
Control of Ventilation:
where are the peripheral chemoreceptors located
Carotid body and aoric arch
(both innervated via Vagus (X) )
Control of Ventilation:
what are the 4 centers that control ventilation
- PnC- Pneumotaxic Center (now called the PRG- Pontine respiratory group)
- ApC- Apneustic center (secondary resp center in pons)
- DRG- Dorsal respiratory group
- VRG- Ventral respiratory group
We don;t really give a shit about the ApC
Control of Ventilation:
what 2 centers are locataed in the Pons
PnC (PRG)
ApC
Control of Ventilation:
What 2 centers are in the medulla?
DRG
VRG
Control of Ventilation:
picture of the resp centers
Control of Ventilation:
what s the role of the PnC or PRG
fine tunes rate and depth of inspiration
Control of Ventilation:
what is tha Main Power house of the respiratory center
DRG
Control of Ventilation:
is the DRG for inspiratory or expiratory?
inspiratory
Control of Ventilation:
since the DRG controls Inspiration what 2 nerves arise from it? and what 2 muscles does the DRG control?
Phrenic n. - controls diaphram
External Intercostal n. - controls external interostal muscle
Control of Ventilation:
what center is considered the inspiratory pacemaker?
DRG
Control of Ventilation:
picture look at DRG
Control of Ventilation:
what nerve arises from the VRG? what muscle does it control?
Internal intercostal n.
internal intercostal muscle
Control of Ventilation:
look at diagram of VRG
Control of Ventilation:
where is the control center for respiration
medulla and pons
Brainstem
Control of Ventilation:
whata re the major muscles for forced expiratory
Abdominal muscls
Control of Ventilation: Stretch receptors
Smooth muscle of the bronchi and bronchioles has receptors the fire when stretched, (controled via Vagus n.) which reflexly tend to do what to respirations
inhibit
Control of Ventilation: Stretch receptors
when the stretch receptors fire and inhibit inspiration what reflex is that
haring breuer reflex
Control of Ventilation: Stretch receptors
in the haring Breuer reflex what nerve carries the afferent (sensory) signal
Vagus (X)
Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors
what do they detect
CO2
O2
pH (H+)
Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors
where are they found
Mostly in carotid body but also in aoric arch
Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors
they are MOST responsive to what?
decreases in PaO2 (
Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors
what nerve carries afferent (sensory) information from the Carotid bodies?
Glossopharyngeal (IX)
Control of Ventilation: peripheral chemoreceptors
what nerve carries Afferent (sensory) information from the aortic arch
Vagus (X)
Control of Ventilation: Central chemoreceptors
they respond to what?
H+ions
when the partial pressure of CO2 in thr CSF increases the H+ and HCO3- ions increase immediately- what priciple or law is this?
LaChateliers principle
