Cell Physiology

Question 1

Non polar carry what charge?

Answer 1

Positive and negative uniformly

Question 2

what is the charge with nonpolar molecules

Answer 2

no net charge

Question 3

non polar molecules readily dissolve in what? water or lipids?

Answer 3

lipids

Question 4

are nonpolar molecules lipophillic or hydrophilic?

Answer 4

lipophilic and hydrophobic

Question 5

what type of molecules have a region with a cluster of positive and a region with a cluster of negative charges?

Answer 5

Polar molecules

Question 6

what is the charge of Polar molecules?

Answer 6

no net charge

Question 7

are polar molecules lipophilic or hydophillic?

Answer 7

hydrophilic and lipophobic

Question 8

O2 and Isoflurane are ex of nonpolar or polar molecules

Answer 8

nonpolar

no net charge

Lipophilic

Question 9

glucose is an example of what what molecule nonpolar or polar?

Answer 9

polar

no net charge

hydrophilic

Question 10

do ions have a charge?

Answer 10

yes

Question 11

do ions have a negative or positive charge?

Answer 11

both

Question 12

what are negative ions called? give 2 examples

Answer 12

anions

HCO3-

Cl-

Question 13

what are positive ions called? give examples.

Answer 13

Cations

Na+

Ca++

K+

Question 14

hydrophilic

Answer 14

water loving

water soluble

Question 15

hydrophobic

Answer 15

water hating

lipid soluble

Question 16

Lipophilic

Answer 16

lipid loving

lipid soluble

Question 17

Lipophobic

Answer 17

lipid hating

water soluble

Question 18

2 functions of lipid bylayer

Answer 18

1. Serves as a barrier (to substances that are not small enough or not lipd soluble)
2. Provides enviroment (in which membrane proteins can function)

Question 19

Hydro_____ molecules (including IV and inhalation agents) and small uncharged polar molecules (H20 CO2) readily penetrate the lipid bylayer.

Answer 19

phobic

Question 20

Large uncharged polar molecules such as glucaise and ions (do or Do not) penetrate the lipid bylayer.

Answer 20

do not

Question 21

Types of Receptors:

what 2 receptors control ion channels?

Answer 21

ligand-gated ion channel

Ionotropic receptors

Question 22

Types of Receptors:

what are 4 ex of what a ligand is?

Answer 22

chemical

Drug

neurotransmitter

hormone

Question 23

Types of Receptors:

how do ligand or ionotropic receptors work?

Answer 23

when a ligand attaches to its receptor, the channel opens and substancs specific to that channel diffuse down their concentration gradients.

Question 24

Types of Receptors: Ligand gated

for ex. at the NMJ ACh binds to the nicotinic receptor (nAChR) and th channel opens. what ions diffuse in and out?

Answer 24

Na+ in

Ca++ in

K+ out

Question 25

Types of Receptors:

whata re 3 other ex of ligand gated receptors

Answer 25

5-HT3

GABAa

Glutamate