Cell Physiology Flashcards
Non polar carry what charge?
Positive and negative uniformly
what is the charge with nonpolar molecules
no net charge
non polar molecules readily dissolve in what? water or lipids?
lipids
are nonpolar molecules lipophillic or hydrophilic?
lipophilic and hydrophobic
what type of molecules have a region with a cluster of positive and a region with a cluster of negative charges?
Polar molecules
what is the charge of Polar molecules?
no net charge
are polar molecules lipophilic or hydophillic?
hydrophilic and lipophobic
O2 and Isoflurane are ex of nonpolar or polar molecules
nonpolar
no net charge
Lipophilic
glucose is an example of what what molecule nonpolar or polar?
polar
no net charge
hydrophilic
do ions have a charge?
yes
do ions have a negative or positive charge?
both
what are negative ions called? give 2 examples
anions
HCO3-
Cl-
what are positive ions called? give examples.
Cations
Na+
Ca++
K+
hydrophilic
water loving
water soluble
hydrophobic
water hating
lipid soluble
Lipophilic
lipid loving
lipid soluble
Lipophobic
lipid hating
water soluble
2 functions of lipid bylayer
- Serves as a barrier (to substances that are not small enough or not lipd soluble)
- Provides enviroment (in which membrane proteins can function)
Hydro_____ molecules (including IV and inhalation agents) and small uncharged polar molecules (H20 CO2) readily penetrate the lipid bylayer.
phobic
Large uncharged polar molecules such as glucaise and ions (do or Do not) penetrate the lipid bylayer.
do not
Types of Receptors:
what 2 receptors control ion channels?
ligand-gated ion channel
Ionotropic receptors
Types of Receptors:
what are 4 ex of what a ligand is?
chemical
Drug
neurotransmitter
hormone
Types of Receptors:
how do ligand or ionotropic receptors work?
when a ligand attaches to its receptor, the channel opens and substancs specific to that channel diffuse down their concentration gradients.
Types of Receptors: Ligand gated
for ex. at the NMJ ACh binds to the nicotinic receptor (nAChR) and th channel opens. what ions diffuse in and out?
Na+ in
Ca++ in
K+ out
Types of Receptors:
whata re 3 other ex of ligand gated receptors
5-HT3
GABAa
Glutamate
