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► Med Misc 44 > Co-existing diseases- Neuromuscular diseases > Flashcards

Co-existing diseases- Neuromuscular diseases Flashcards

1
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

is it hereditary

A

yes

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2
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

what is the hallmark description

A

painless degeneration and atrophy of skeletal muscle (associated w/ mental retardation)

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3
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

what are the characteristics of Pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy?

A 
CHF
Recurrent PNE
kyphoscoliosis
Hyperkalemia w/ SCh
Malignant hyperthermia suceptibility
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4
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

Limb-Girdle muscular dystrophy characteristics

A

relatively benign

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5
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

facioscapulahumeral, is the heart involved?

A

nope

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6
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

2 characteristics associated with Nemaline Rod Muscuar Dystrophy

A

Micrognathia

Bulbar palsy

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7
Q

Muscular Dystrophy:

what is the most common and most severe of all the MDs

A

Duchenne’s

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8
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

it is ___-linked ______

A

X-linked recessive

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9
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

when is the onset

A

early childhood

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10
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

are kyphoscoliosis and hip and knee contractors common

A

yes

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11
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

what EKG changes occur

A 
prolonged PR and QRS
ST segment abnormalities
BBB
Q waves
Tall R waves
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12
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

what happens to total lung capacity and residual volume

A

reduced

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13
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

they are prone to recurrent what?

A

Pulmonary infection

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14
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

why do u avoid SCh

A

increased risk of MH

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15
Q

Muscular Dystrophy: Duchenne’s

is Neuromuscular monitoring mandatory?

A

yes

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16
Q

Multiple Sclerosis:

it is characterized by what?

A

random and multiple sites on demyelination of the corticospinal tract neurons in the brain and spinal cord, exclusive of peripheral neurons

17
Q

Multiple Sclerosis:

S/S

A 
Visual disturbances
Ataxia
Limb Paresthesia and weakness
Spastic paresis of skeletal muscle
exacerbations and remissions
18
Q

Multiple Sclerosis:

what do you really want to avoid in these pt’s

A

marked temp changes

19
Q

Multiple Sclerosis:

also avoid what (bc it can exacerbate the symptoms)

A

stress

20
Q

Multiple Sclerosis:

what can occur w/ SCh

A

hyperkalemia

21
Q

Multiple Sclerosis:

can u do a spinal

A

questionable (but usually no)

22
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:

is a chronic autoimmune disease inolving what?

A

the NMJ

23
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:
it is characterized by weakness and rapid exhuastion of skeletal muscle with repetitive use; is there recovery with rest?

A

yes some recovery

24
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:

S/S eyes

A

ptosis
Diplopia
(most common initial sign)

25
Q

Myasthenia Gravis

why is there an increased risk of aspiration

A

weakness of pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles

26
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:

is atrophy present?

A

no- there is asymmetric extremity skeletal muscle weakness

27
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:

Complication r/t heart

A

Cardiomyopathy

28
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:

any thyroid problems

A

hypothyroidism

29
Q

Myasthenia Gravis:

treatments

A

Thymectomy
Plasmapheresis
Anti cholinesterase drugs
Corticosteroids

30
Q

Myasthenia Gravis: Anesthesia

what would u want to avoid preop

A

opiods

31
Q

Myasthenia Gravis: Anesthesia

what would you want to tell the pt (warn them about) in the prep period

A

poss mechanical ventilation postop

32
Q

Myasthenia Gravis: Anesthesia

what should you do on induction?

A

short active IV drugs

Tracheal intubation without muscle relaxant

33
Q

Parkinson’s Disease:

is degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by loss of ________ fibers in the basal ganglia of the brain

A

dopaminergic

34
Q

Parkinson’s Disease:

_______ is an inhibitory neurotransmitter acting on the extrapyramidal motor system

A

dopamine

35
Q

Parkinson’s Disease:

S/S

A

Skeletal muscle rigidity
Resting tremor
Diaphragmatic spasms
Mental depression

36
Q

Parkinson’s Disease:

treatment are drugs times to do what?

A

increase the concentration of dopamine

37
Q

Parkinson’s Disease:

a common drug these pts are on

A

levodopa

38
Q

Parkinson’s Disease:

what do you want to avoid during anesthesia

A

drugs that w/ antidopaminergic effects
Droperidol
reglan

► Med Misc 44 (72 decks)

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