Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
T/F The ventral roots bring sensory information into the spinal cord
False
T/F The ventral and dorsal rami of all the spinal nerves (at least from C1 to S5) partake in the formation of nerve plexuses before reaching their effector organs
False; dorsal rami do not partake in the formation of nerve plexuses
The [cervical / brachial / lumbar / sacral / lumbosacral ] plexus produces the nerves that innervate the upper limbs
brachial (plexus)
Spinal nerves enter/leave the spinal column via the [transverse / vertebral / intervertebral / laminar ] foramina
intervertebral (foramina)
<> A patient complains to her physician of paresthesia (tingling, numbness, etc.) in the lateral portion of the right hand, including the first 3 digits. After examination, the physician diagnoses carpal tunnel syndrome involving compression and irritation of the right <> nerve.
Median n.
<> Bob began experiencing excruciating, stabbing pains on the left side of his face. The pain episodes would only last for about a minute, but would occur a hundred times per day. Bob’s physician diagnosed the condition as tic douloureux, or neuralgia (nerve pain) of the <> nerve. When analgesics and other drugs failed to offer any relief, this nerve was cut, relieving the agony but also resulting in loss of sensation on the left side of Bob’s face.
Trigeminal n.
<> Doug Coconuts was riding his motorcycle in Hawaii when an accident left him with severe abrasion and trauma to his right medial elbow. As a result of this damage, Doug experienced substantial loss in his ability to flex his fingers and wrist, nor could he adduct his wrist as before. He also noticed tingling and numbness on the medial side of his hand. These deficits were most likely due to damage to the <> nerve as it crossed the elbow area.
Ulnar n.
<> An industrial accident left Seymour Gore with a deep laceration on the anterior side of his left lateral elbow. After the trauma, Seymour noticed he had developed wrist drop, due to his inability to contract the wrist extensors of his left forearm. This incident had severed the <> nerve as it crossed Seymour’s elbow.
Radial n.
A condition known as ____________________ may result from fracture of the ethmoid bone, or lesions involving the olfactory nerve, either causing partial or total loss of smell
anosmia
After suffering a stroke in her brainstem, Mary noticed ptosis of her right eyelid, which her doctor said was due to damage to the fibers of her ____________________ nerve
oculomotor n.
Paralysis of the chewing muscles on one side of the head could be most easily caused by damage to the ____________________ nerve on that side
(mandibular branch of the) trigeminal n.
Irritation and swelling of the ____________________ nerve may result in Bell’s palsy, resulting in muscle paralysis and lacrimation problems on the affected side of the face
facial n.
From superiormost to inferiormost, name the four nerve plexuses which are formed as the ventral rami branch and then rejoin one another, and then name a major nerve which emerges from each plexus. (1 pt each; 8 pts total)
Nerve plexuses:
(1) Cervical plexus (2) Brachial plexus (3) Lumbar plexus (4) Sacral plexus
Phrenic n.
Musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, ulnar, median nn. Femoral n.
Sciatic, gluteal nn.
The list of nerve examples is not exhaustive, and other answers are possible; I just gave the larger, more well-known nerve examples here. For this question, only one nerve example is required for each plexus
Which ONE of the following lists the cranial nerves in order of their emergence from the CNS, proceeding from superiormost (olfactory nerves) to inferiormost? Note that, for brevity, not all cranial nerves are listed.
A. Optic — Oculomotor — Trochlear — Abducens — Facial — Glossopharyngeal — Vagus — Hypoglossal
B. Optic — Oculomotor — Facial — Trigeminal — Vagus — Abducens — Glossopharyngeal — Hypoglossal
C. Optic — Facial — Oculomotor — Trigeminal — Hypoglossal — Glossopharyngeal — Abducens — Vagus
D. Optic — Oculomotor — Trigeminal — Abducens — Facial — Hypoglossal — Vagus — Glossopharyngeal
E. Oculomotor — Optic — Trigeminal — Facial — Abducens — Vagus — Glossopharyngeal — Hypoglossal
A; remember “On occasion, our trusty truck…”
The only cranial nerve which extends beyond the head and neck region; contains many parasympathetic efferents controlling the viscera.
Vagus nerve
Its three branches contain the major sensory nerves of the face
Trigeminal nerve
Nerve which carries only the sensory afferents of hearing and balance
Vestibulocochlear nerve
Nerves which pierce the cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone to bring sensory information directly into the brain
Olfactory nerve
Carries motor efferents to control four extrinsic eye muscles as well as the levator palpabrae superioris muscles
Oculomotor nerve
