Endocrine System Flashcards
T/F The growth promoting effects of growth hormone are mostly mediated by somatomedins.
True; somatomedins are responsible for most of the growth promoting effects of growth hormone
T/F DHEA is the most important of the mineralcorticoids.
False; DHEA is a gonadocorticoid; most important mineralcorticoid is aldosterone
T/F Some hormones can be secreted by more than one gland in the endocrine system.
True; sex hormones are secreted by the adrenal cortex and the gonads (and the placenta)
T/F Neurohormones released by the posterior pituitary are not synthesized in the posterior pituitary.
True; they are synthesized by neurons whose cell bodies lie in the hypothalamus
T/F Neurohormones released by the anterior pituitary are not synthesized in the anterior pituitary.
False; ant. pituitary hormones are synthesized by ant. pituicytes (ant. pituitary cells) —under the
regulation of hypothalamic releasing hormones
T/F Long bones in which the epiphyseal plate has closed are no longer responsive to the lengthening effects of growth hormone (or somatomedin).
True; this is what stops growth in height at the end of puberty
T/F The majority of hormones in the body are proteins or peptides.
True
T/F All steroid hormones are cholesterol derivatives.
True, by definition
T/F In primary hyposecretion of a given hormone, the deficit (or problem) lies within the actual endocrine gland that normally secretes that hormone; an example would be immune destruction of normally secreting glandular tissue.
True
T/F Some amine hormones are cholesterol derivatives.
False and nonsensical
T/F In secondary hypersecretion of a given hormone, the deficit (or problem) lies outside the endocrine gland that normally secretes that hormone, such as in a distant tumor that itself hypersecretes a regulatory (or tropic) hormone.
True
T/F FSH and LH are sex hormones.
False; they control the gonads and release of sex hormones, but they themselves are not sex hormones—they are present in significant quantities in both sexes and are peptide hormones, not cholesterol derivatives
The [anterior/ posterior] pituitary is also known as the adenohypophysis.
anterior
The [anterior/ posterior] pituitary is also known as the neurohypophysis.
posterior
The [anterior/ posterior] pituitary is a neural extension of the hypothalamus.
posterior
The [anterior/ posterior] pituitary is derived from epithelial cells in the mouth region which migrate upward in the head.
anterior
Aldosterone is the most important of the [mineralcorticoids/ glucocorticoids/ gonadocorticoids].
mineralcorticoids
[Mineralcorticoids/ Glucocorticoids/ Gonadocorticoids / Corticosteroids] are the primary steroid
hormones made and released by adrenal cortex.
Corticosteroids; corticosteroids include the other three listed hormone types- mineralcorticoids,
glucocorticoids, and gonadocorticoids
The connection between the hypothalamus and the [anterior/ posterior] pituitary gland is mainly a vascular one.
anterior
The connection between the hypothalamus and the [anterior/ posterior] pituitary gland is mainly a neural one.
posterior
[ Iodine / Calcium/ Vitamin D/ Iron / Sulfur ] is a chemical element found in the thyroid hormones T3 and T4.
Iodine
The ___________________________________ is the stalk of the pituitary gland.
infundibulum
The _______________________________ glands, usually 4 in number, are small glands usually situated on the posterior aspect of the thyroid glands.
parathyroid
_________________________________ is a control loop whereby the product or output of a system acts back on the system to repress or stop its own production.
Negative feedback/
also called Feedback inhibition
