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Hematology > Peripheral Blood Morphology > Flashcards

Peripheral Blood Morphology Flashcards

1
Q

the area of the slide that you would exam on a peripheral smear

A

from the monolayer to the feathered edge

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2
Q

RBC should be the size of a _______ nucleus

A

lymphocyte

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3
Q

the ares of the central pallor in a RBC should be ___ of the total RBC diameter

A

1/3

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4
Q

anisocytosis

A

refers to the red cells which vary widely in size

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5
Q

RDW

A

red cell distribution width; measures the range of red cell sizes ; measures anisocytosis

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6
Q

microcytosis

A

refers to RBC that are small

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7
Q

MCV

A

mean cell volume; measures the individuals volume of red blood cells; measures microcytosis and macrocytosis

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8
Q

differential diagnosis for microcytosis (6)

A
  1. Iron deficiency 2. Anemia of chronic disease 3. Thalassemia 4. Hemoglobin C disease 5. Lead Poisoning 6. Sideroblastic anemia
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9
Q

macrocytosis

A

RBC are too large; use MCV

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10
Q

differential diagnosis of macrocytosis (8)

A
  1. B12/FOLATE DEFICIENCY 2. Liver disease 3. Thyroid disease 4. MDS myelodysplastic syndrome 5. Anti-retrovirals 6. Aplastic anemia 7. Chemotherapy 8. Elevated reticulocyte count
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11
Q

hypochromasia

A

RBC with too little hemoglobin

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12
Q

hypochromasia RBC have a central pallor that is less/more than 1/3 the total red cell diameter

A

more

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13
Q

hypochromasia is measured by

A

MCH mean cell hemoglobin

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14
Q

polychromasia

A

RBC that have more of a blueish tinge; probably reticulocytes

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15
Q

poikilocytosis

A

RBC that vary in shape

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16
Q

target cells

A

look like bulls-eyes

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17
Q

differential diagnosis of target cell (4)

A
  1. liver disease (most common) 2. thalassemias 3. hemoglobin C 4. After a splenectomy
18
Q

spherocytes

A

have loss of central pallor

19
Q

Spherocytes can be seen in

A
  1. autoimmune hemolysis 2. hereditary spherocytosis
20
Q

schistocytes

A

red cell fragments with sharp edges

21
Q

schistocytes are hallmark of

A

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia (MAHA)

22
Q

sickle cell

A

seen in sickle cell anemia

23
Q

echinocytes

A
  • aka burr cell - small, regular projections - seen in renal disease
24
Q

acanthocytes

A
  • aka spur cells - large, irregular projections - seen in liver disease
25
Q

teardrop cells

A

myelophthisic processes, which are diseases of marrow infiltration

26
Q

teardrop cells can be seen in (5)

A
  1. splenomegaly 2. Leukemia and lymphoma 3. Granulomatous disease 4. tumor metastatic to marrow 5. myelofibrosis
27
Q

Howell Jolly Bodies

A

peripheral, round, small purple inclusions within red cells that represent nuclear remnants

28
Q

when are Howell Jolly Bodies most likely seen

A

after splenectomy

29
Q

rouleaux

A

linear arrangements of RBC

30
Q

rouleaux cells are typically seen in disorders with

A
  1. increased levels of immunoglobulin (Multiple Myeloma or Waldenstroms macroglobulinemia) 2. severe hypo-albuminemia
31
Q

agglutination occurs when red cells are coated with

32
Q

iron deficiency anemia (3)

A
  1. hypochromic 2. microcytic 3. increased number of platelets
33
Q

megaloblastic anemia

A
  • red cells are macrocytic - hyper-segmented neutrophils
34
Q

autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)

A
  • polychromasia - microspherocytes
35
Q
A

iron deficiency anemia

36
Q
A

a. target cell
b. howell-jolly body
c. nucleated rbc
d. schostpcyte
e. basophilic stippling

37
Q
A

megaloblastic anemia

38
Q
A

autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA)

black arrows- polychromasia

green arrows- microspherocytes

39
Q
A

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia

40
Q
A

sickle cell anemia

Hematology (23 decks)

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