EBV, CMV, and Viral Latency and Cancer Flashcards
EBV is latent in what cells and as what type of genome
myeloid B cells through CD21; episomal DNA in the nucleus of the infected B-cells
acute lytic infection
3-14 days, fever, fatigue, lymphadenopathy, headache, nausea, diarrhea, influenza, e bola, or norovirus
chronic lytic infection
virus continues to replicate
latent viral infection
virus does not continue to develop
would a sensitive test for viral particles be helpful in determining a virus in latency or in chronic infection?
chronic infection
chronic focal infection
cells infected with viral particle infect other cells by lysing
chronic diffuse infection
cells do not lyse but continue to replicate new cells
hepatitis is an example of
chronic lytic infection
both chronic and latent infections can be _____ latent; the difference is in the molecular state of the virus
clinically
provirus
integrated into the host genome during latency
episome
integrated into extrachromosomal DNA during latency
during latency both RNA and DNA viruses are stored as _____ genomes
DNA
EBV was the first
virus to be discovered to have a connection to cancer
what type of shape is EBV
icosahedral core
does EBV have a lipid envelop
yes
where does EBV get its lipid envelop
the host
herpesvirus genomes are
linear ds DNA
How is EBV transmitted
saliva
how common is EBV worldwide
90% of adults have the antibodies
route of transmssion
- infects epithelial cells
- replicates
- enters the blood stream
- attacks B cells via CD21 complement receptor
- T cells keep the virus in latent state
early clinical symptoms of EBV and then usually develop into
asymptomatic; mononucleosis
clinical signs and symptoms of infectious mononucleosis
fatigue, fever, sore throat, lymphadenopathy
what does mononucleosis mean
increased lymphocytes that are atypical
EBV diagnosis
clinically diagnosed, monospot test but increased false positives and false negatives; uses heterophile antibody
when can you have a positive monospot test
2weeks of illness
EBV specific antibodies
IgM early and IgG later
Is acyclovir effective against CMV or EBV?
no
Is there a vaccine for EBV or CMV?
no
EBV associated diseases?
- Burkitts lymphoma
- Hairy leukoplakia
- severe life threatening mono in children with x-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome
EBV in latency is producing what IL resulting in?
IL-10, uncontrolled proliferation
CMV establishes latency in
many types of cells
CMV is transmitted via
saliva, genital secretions, trasfusions and transplacentally
what is the most common cause of congenital abnormalities in the US?
CMV
what do you have to do before a transplant in regard to CMV?
sero match for CMV
what is seen on a histology stain with CMV?
giant cell formation with intranuclear inclusions that looks like an alien
primary infection in adults and kids are
asymptomatic
clinical findings with CMV
blueberry muffin lesions
what are the results for heterophile antibody for EBV and CMV?
positive and negative respectively
CMV treatment
ganciclovir and valgancyclovir
ganciclovir and valgancyclovir can treat
pneumonia and retinitis symptoms
why is ganciclovir and valgancyclovir effective and acyclovir not?
activated by cellular kinases and not HSV kinases
