Periodontology L1 - Pregnancy I class 16/03/20 Flashcards
What can hormonal changes do in pregnant women in relation to their oral health?
Hormonal changes can lower disease threshold, which may result in pregnant patients picking up oral disease.
Is it beneficial to complete any periodontal work pre-conception?
Guidelines suggest that we should treat periodontal disease and not leave it until after birth, to allow the best outcomes for mother and baby.
Why is it important to limit root surface debridement during pregnancy?
Minimise bacteraemia.
Why is it important to minimise bacteraemia in pregnant patients?
Reduces the risk of bacteria crossing the placenta and entering the foetal blood.
Can you place in amalgam restorations on pregnant women?
No
If you must absolutely remove a amalgam restoration on a pregnant patient, what method must you use to prevent the absorption of amalgam?
Rubber dam
A pregnant has caries under her amalgam restoration, without removing the amalgam restoration how would you treat the caries?
Glass ionomer.
What dental condition may arise from prolonged morning sickness especially if in the future multiple pregnancies?
Dental erosion
During the 1st trimester, women exhibit and increase in gingival bleeding why?
Increased levels of progesterone cause increased levels of vascular permeability and vessel dilation, which results in increased gingival exudate and swelling.
Progesterone and oestrogen reduce the thickness of the keratin in the gingival epithelium, what does this mean for bacteria?
The gingivae is less effective barrier to bacteria.
Why would you wait after parturition to remove a pregnancy epulis?
Pregnancy epulis is driven by the increase in hormones, after birth the hormonal drive drops.
The patient has been anaemic post birth, what may you notice orally?
Recurrent oral ulceration.
Why has the patient become anaemic postpartum?
Blood loss/decreased blood volume
What type of anaemia would result in postpartum?
Normocytic anaemia
What position should you not treat patients during their 3rd trimester?
Supine.
When is the greatest risk to a foetus?
During organogenesis that takes place in first trimester.
Use of dental amalgam no longer allowed for?
Children under 15 years old
Pregnant women
Breastfeeding women
Are there any known restrictions on the use of resin composites during pregnancy?
No restrictions on use of resin composites during pregnancy/breast feeding.
Pregnancy is associated with an increased sensitivity of the periodontal tissues to the presence of plaque, clinical name for this is?
Pregnancy gingivitis.
When would you expect to see the recession in red swollen gingivae with increased pocket depths and bleeding on probing?
Usually recedes after the 8th month of pregnancy
Endocrine/metabolic risk factors usually lead to the formation of a localised fibrogranulomatus growth leading to the formation of what?
Pregnancy epulis or granuloma
what is this
pregnancy epulis
During puberty, the significant increase in steroid hormone levels during puberty causes a temporary increase in gingival inflammation, to which gender?
Both male and female
Oral bacteria when present in the blood have the ability to trigger various reactions, what reactions do they trigger with platelets?
They could trigger inappropriate
Maternal high blood pressures clinical term is?
Pre-eclampsia
Can you use lidocaine with epinephrine on pregnant women?
Yes
Gestational diabetes affects what percentage of pregnant women and how likely are they to develop perio disease?
4% of pregnant women are likely to develop gestational diabetes and are 9x more likely to devlop perio disease.
Pre term birth, low birth weight and pre-eclampsia is associated with which oral disease?
Periodontitis
Best practice is to avoid prescribing in pregnancy unless benefit clearly outweighs risk to foetus, all drugs should be avoided if possible, during which trimester?
1st
