oral cancer: L1 - Oral Cancer Screening and Patient Interactions/Aetiology of oral cancer Flashcards
prevention of mouth cancer can be classified into primary, secodnary and tertiary programmes.
match the statements to their respected programmes.
- to mitigate the morbidity from established disease and to improve quality of life.
- prevents a disease from developing
- to detect disease while it is localised or ‘early’
primary prevention: prevents a disease from developing
secondary prevention: to detect disease while it is localised or ‘early’
tertiary prevention: to mitigate the morbidity from established disease and to improve quality of life.
population screening programmes can be divided into three types what are they?
mass screening
selective screening
opportunistic screening
more than 90 percent of cancers that occur in the oral cavity are what?
squamous cell carcinoma
name the condition: is a condition in which one or more white patches or spots (lesions) forms inside the mouth
Leukoplakia
there are two types of leukoplakia, what are they and which one is more likely to become canerous.
homogenous - mostly white, evenly coloured thin patches
non-homogenous - a mainly white or white red irregular shaped patch that may be flat, nodular (protrusions) or verrucous (elevated).
non-homogenous leukoplakia is seven times more likely to become cancerous
name this very rare, aggresive form of oral cancer
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia
What are the causes of leukoplakia?
Leukoplakia is often associated with the following:
Heavy smoking.
Use of chewing tobacco or snuff
Chewing areca nut
Heavy use of alcohol
what is idopathic leukplakia
cases of leukoplakia, where there is no known causes
What are the symptoms of leukoplakia?
symptoms include one or more white patches on tyhe surface of the tongue.
NO PAIN or other symptoms are present.
similar leukplakia, what is the name of this condition
erythroplakia
if a lesion has persisted for longer than three weeks what should you do?
go get checked by your dentist
lesions lasting over three is a red flag
what is a two week wait referral
A ‘Two Week Wait’ referral is a request from your General Practitioner (GP) to ask the hospital for an urgent appointment for you, because you have symptoms that might indicate that you have cancer
Ear, Nose and Throat treat the oropharynx. what do they not treat
maxiliofacial
what are the two major risk factors for developing oral cancer
tobacco and alcohol
why does alcohol cause oral cancer
alcohol is metabolised to acetaldehyde, a known mutagen and carcinogen.
alcohol is metabolised in salivary glands, mucosa, oral bacteria.
