Performance Enhancing Drugs Flashcards
Why do people take performance enhancing drugs?
Improve their performance
Some people are encouraged to do so by their coaches or fellow athletes
The reward of winning
Pressure
What are anabolic steroids?
Drugs that mimic the male sex hormone testosterone and promote bone and muscle growth
Benefits of anabolic steroids
Used to enhance performance. Increase muscle mass and develop bone growth, therefore increasing strength while at the same time allowing the athlete to train harder and recover quicker
Side effects of anabolic steroids
Increased risk of muscle injury, increased risk of heart attacks and strokes, high blood pressure, roid rage
What are Beta Blockers?
Drugs that are used to control the heart rate and have a calming and relaxing effect
What are the benefits of Beta Blockers?
Beta Blockers can help targets sports where steadiness and precision are required, because they reduce heart rate
What are the side effects of Beta Blockers?
Nausea, diarrhoea,, tiredness, depression, insomnia and nightmares
What are Narcotics and Analgesics?
Narcotics: Drugs that affect mood or behaviour, including drowsiness and relieving pain
Analgesics: A painkilling, or pain relieving drug
What are the benefits of Narcotics and Analgesics?
These drugs act by depressing the central nervous system and give relief from painful injuries, but allowing the injured player to take part, they can increase the risk of severe or long-lasting injury
What are the side effects of Narcotics and Analgesics?
Loss of coordination, loss of balance, loss of concentration and emotional effects
What are Diuretics?
Drugs that elevate the rate of urine production
What are the benefits of Diuretics?
This can help performers who need to lose weight. Diuretics may be also be used to reduce the concentration of any other banned substance that may be present in the urine
What are the side effects of Diuretics?
Dehydration, which can cause dizziness, muscle cramps, headaches and nausea
What are peptide hormones?
Increases the rate of maturation of red blood cells
What are the benefits of peptide hormones?
Increases muscle growth, assist in recovery from injury and heavy training sessions. All the body to carry extra oxygen, and disperse waste products and lactic acid
What are the side effects of peptide hormones?
Blood becomes thicker, which makes it more difficult to pass through the small capillaries and increases the risk of heart attack or stroke
What are growth hormones?
Is used to increase their muscles development (very similar to steroids)
What are the benefits of growth hormones?
Increases muscle growth (strength and size). Not as many side effects as steroids
What are the side effects of growth hormones?
Minimal side effects, can be detected by a blood test and not in your urine
What are stimulants?
Stimulants are drugs that have an effect on the central nervous system, such as/ or physical alertness. E.g. amphetamines, ephedrine and cocaine, as well as nicotine and caffeine
What are the benefits of stimulants?
Increase alertness, enabling people to think more by stimulating the central nervous system. Overcome tiredness. Reduce the effects of lactic acids on muscles
What are the side effects of stimulants?
Insomnia, irregular/ increased heart beat, high blood pressure and addiction
What is blood doping?
Blood doping is a banned process - not a banned drug. Blood doping involves boosting the number of red blood cells in the bloodstream in order to improve your performance.
What are the benefits of blood doping?
More oxygen is carried to the muscles, having a higher concentration of these cells in your blood go improve your Vo2 max.
