People Flashcards
Piaget
cog development of children
assimilation vs accomodation
schema
Urie Bronfenbrenner
Ecological systems theory (development is impacted by environment)
Microsystem, mezzo, macro, exo, chrosystem
Psychoanalytic theories
Freud, Erikson (psychosocial), Jung (Stages of life)
Cognitive development theories
Piaget (children), Kohlberg (moral development), Bowlby (role of caregivers in child development)
Social Learning theories
Pavlov (classical conditioning), B.F. Skinner (operant conditioning), Bandura (doll experiment, behavior is learned by watching and imitating others)
Systems theories
Darwin (natural selection), Gottlieb (bio and environmental factors impact development, genetic origins of behavior, some families may be predisposed to issues more than others), Brofenbrenner)
Humanistic theory
Maslow, Rogers, Rollo May (concerning people’s perception of death)
Vygotsky
focused on influence of person’s environmental culture/language (social interactions
Zone of proximal development- what the learner can do without help vs with support
Raymond Catell
two types of intelligence:
1) fluid- mental abilities used creatively to solve problems and tackle new situations, i.e. working on new project, declines in young adulthood
2) Crystallized- applying already learned knowledge, skills and experience; filling out definitions from memorized terms; declines in old age
David Rosenhan
suspected that psychiatric hospitals often gave patients the wrong diagnoses. To prove it, he decided to send in pseudopatients, or healthy people pretending to be mentally ill,
Roger Gould
develop takes place with replacement of childhood response with ones that are more mature
Adult Development theories
Roger Gould, Daniel Levinson, William Perry, Carl Jung
Parkes and Bowlby
attachment model of bereavement
four main reactions to death include numbness, yearning (last 5-14 days after death), disorganization and despair, reorganization
Jones and Peters 1992 study found that..
is a 24/7 job with psychological impacts
Mary Richmond
Mother of case work
pushed for macro SW and social workers looking at environment
Irving Janis
close-knit groups maintain solidarity by ignoring dissent
Robert Zajonc
drive theory- if a task is easy, you may work harder in the presence of others, social loafing will happen if the task is difficult
John William Atkinson
Expectancy Value Theory- expected outcome of a task and the subjective value of the task influences an individual’s motivation to pursue achievement of those tasks.
Eccles and Wigfield
expectancy value theory of motivation- assumes that people are primarily goal-oriented, explaining why people choose certain behaviors over others.
Covington and Roberts
motivation is tied to the need for success and the need to avoid failure; overachievers are driven by fear of failure
Charles Loring Brace
started the free foster home movement in 1853 with the New York Children’s Aid Society
Bernard Murstein
developed stimulus value role theory; mutual selection happens between two individuals in distinct stages.
Alice Eagley
social role theory of gender differences- due to physical differences
muzafer Sherif
Robbers cave experiment- 22 adolescent males of similar socio-economic and religious backgrounds, ages, etc were divided into two groups. each group fostered bonding and became hostile with the alternating group; or when resources are limited they might have to work together (superordinate goals)
