Penicillins

Question 1

What do penicillins do?

Answer 1

weaken the cell wall and cause excess water to enter and rupture bacteria

Question 2

who NOT to give penicillin to

Answer 2

immunocompromised patients –> burst bacteria lets all its contents out

Question 3

Principle adverse effect of penicillin

Answer 3

allergy

Question 4

which bacteria is most likely to be resistant to penicillin

Answer 4

S aureus –> MRSA

Question 5

G- vs G+

Answer 5

G- has 3 layers with thin cell wall that’s hard to get thru

G+ has 2 layers with thick cell wall that’s easy to get thru

Question 6

Penicillinases

Answer 6

inactivate penicillin
produced by bacteria

Question 7

Penicillin G

Answer 7

least toxic antibiotic
works for G+ and some G-

Question 8

What to do if someone has mild response to penicillin vs severe response

Answer 8

mild: give cephalosporins
severe: don’t!

Question 9

Penicillinase-resistant penicillin

Answer 9

nafcillin
oxacillin
dicloxacillin

Question 10

broad spectrum penecillins
(side effects)

Answer 10

ampicillin
amoxicillin
*can cause rash or diarrhea

Question 11

Extended spectrum penicillin

Answer 11

antipseudomonal penicillin: piperacillin

better against G- bacteria

Question 12

beta-lactamase inhibitor

Answer 12

tazobactam

Question 13

Most important combo drug

Answer 13

Zosyn = piperacillin and tazobactam

(extended spectrum penicillin and beta-lactamase inhibitor)