Antimicrobial agents

Question 1

Why are mycobacteria hard to treat?

Answer 1

slow growing
need prolonged treatment
primes patients for toxicity and poor adherence

Question 2

Important drug administration things ab TB

Answer 2

always treat with 2+ drugs
always directly observe the patient taking the mediacation

Question 3

how does resistant TB happen

Answer 3

contamination from someone else who has resistant TB and recurrant TB infections

Question 4

MDR TB and XDR TB

Answer 4

MDR resistant to isoniazid and fluoroquinolones

XDR resistant to both of those and at least one 2nd line drug

Question 5

how long is treatment for drug resistant TB

Answer 5

at least 6 months –> up to 24 months if they also have AIDS/HIV

Question 6

LTBI treatment

Answer 6

requires QFT-G blood test (not just TST)
Isoniazid for 6-9 months or isoniazid and rifapentine for 3 months

Question 7

rifampin fact

Answer 7

turns body fluids orange

Question 8

Leprosy

Answer 8

chronic –> caused by M leprae
curable with drugs
need multiple drugs to avoid resistance
1 year of rifampin, dapsone, clofazimine

Question 9

Bird flu

Answer 9

prophylaxis = azithromycin and clarithromycin