Pelvic Mass Flashcards
When are fibroids most common?
> 40 y/o
How do fibroids present?
Menorrhagia
Pain/tenderness
Pelvic mass
Pressure symptoms
How are fibroids diagnosed?
US
How are fibroids treated?
Hysterectomy, resection
What is pyosalpinx?
Uterine tubes filled with pus
What is the most common epithelial ovarian tumour?
Serous
What are the kinds of primary ovarian epithelial tumour?
Serous Mucinous Endometroid Clear cell Brenner
What is the comon ovarian tumour that arises from germ cells?
Benign cysic teratoma (dermoid cyst)
Are malignant germ cell tumours common and what may they produce?
No v v rare
May produce HCG
What is Meig’s syndrome?/
Fibroma + ascites + pleural effusion
Which cancers most commonly metastasize to theovaries?
Breast
Pancreas
Stomach & GI
How does ovarian cancer present?
Pressure symptoms
Insidious symptoms
Ascites/bloating
Early transperitoneal spread
What are the risk factors for ovarian cancer?
Genes (BRCA & HNPCC)
Nulliparity
OCP protective
Which tumour markers canbe used for monitoring ovarian cancer?
CA125
CEA
What are the Figo stages used to classify ovarian cancer?
I - confined to ovaries
II - spread to other pelvic organs
III - spread within abdomen
IV - spread into other organs
How is ovarian cancer treated?
Debulking + chemo
some respond to chemo
Which 2 HPV types are associated with 70% of cervical cancers?
HPV 16 & 18
How is cervical cancer staged?
Ia - microscopic Ib - visible lesion IIa - vaginal involvement IIb - parametrial involvement III - lower vagina or pelvic side wall IV - bladder/rectum or metastases
