Pelvic Limb 3

Question 1

What two muscles of the crus share an origin and where is that origin?

Answer 1

Long digital extensor and peroneus tertius @ extensor fossa of distal femur

Question 2

Where does the long digital extensor insert and what are the relative strengths of insertion?

Answer 2

Proximal P1 = weakest
Proximal P2 = stronger than P1
Proximal P3 = strongest

Question 3

Where does the peroneus tertius m. insert in the horse?

Answer 3

Lateral tendon –> 4th tarsal bone/calcaneus

Medial tendon –> Proximal MT 3 (superficial) and 3rd tarsal bone (deep)

Question 4

Where does the cranial tibial m. insert in the horse?

Answer 4

Lateral tendon –> Proximal MT 3 (superficial) and 3rd tarsal bone (deep)
Medial tendon –> Fused 1st and 2nd tarsal bones

Question 5

What is another name for the medial tendon of the cranial tibial m. and what lays deep to it?

Answer 5

cunean tendon; cunean bursa is deep

Question 6

Where does the suspensory ligament originate?

Answer 6

3rd MC/MT

Question 7

What is another name for the suspensory ligament?

Answer 7

interosseus

Question 8

Where is the suspensory ligament located in relation to other structures (depth-wise)?

Answer 8

It is the deepest soft-tissue structure on the palmar aspect, sits right up against the cannon bone and is deep to the SDF and DDF tendons.

Question 9

What passes through the proximal scutum?

Answer 9

digital flexor tendons

Question 10

What is the purpose of the palmar/plantar annular ligament?

Answer 10

Helps tether the tendons in place

Question 11

Where does the suspensory ligament insert?

Answer 11

Splits into 2 limbs to insert on the proximal sesamoids

Question 12

Which way do the extensor branches of the accessory ligament run and what do they join with?

Answer 12

Are given off just prior to insertion, run from palmar/plantar aspect to dorsal aspect;
Join tendon of long digital extensor (pelvic) or common digital extensor (thoracic)

Question 13

What is the origin and insertion of the short and cruciate sesamoidean ligaments?

Answer 13

O: proximal sesamoids
I: bony ridge of P1

Question 14

What is the origin and insertion of the oblique sesamoidean ligaments?

Answer 14

O: proximal sesamoids
I: bony ridge of P1

Question 15

What is the origin and insertion of the straight sesamoidean ligament?

Answer 15

Superficial part -
O: proximal sesamoid
I: proximal P2

Deep part -
O: proximal sesamoid
I: bony ridge of P1

Question 16

How many degrees of extension/flexion does the fetlock joint have?

Answer 16

220

Question 17

How many degrees of extension/flexion does the pastern joint have?

Answer 17

10-20

Question 18

How many degrees of extension/flexion does the coffin joint have?

Answer 18

40-60

Question 19

Where is the dorsal fetlock pouch located?

Answer 19

Bt digital extensor tendon and cannon bone

Question 20

Where is the palmar/plantar fetlock pouch located?

Answer 20

Bt suspensory ligament and cannon bone

Question 21

What is the digital sheath?

Answer 21

Synovial sheaths that surround the DDF and SDF tendons

Question 22

What aspects of the fetlock joint have articular cartilage?

Answer 22

Distal cannon bone, proximal P1, dorsal surface of proximal sesamoids

Question 23

In the rmt, where does the medial tendon of the common/long digital extensor m. insert?

Answer 23

P2 and P3 of digit 3

Question 24

In the rmt, where does the lateral tendon of the common/long digital extensor m. insert?

Answer 24

P3 of digits 3 and 4

Question 25

In the rmt, where does the lateral digital extensor tendon insert?

Answer 25

P2 and P3 of digit 4

Question 26

Where is the proximal interdigital ligament found in the rmt?

Answer 26

P1 between digits 3 and 4

Question 27

At what point in the rmt foot do the digits separate?

Answer 27

Distal to the fetlock joint

Question 28

Why is it important to know where the rmt digits separate?

Answer 28

If the foot has an infection such as foot rot, you need to know where the digits are no longer separate because it will affect whether you need to amputate one claw or both.