Pediatrics Flashcards
Chief complaints A-F
Abdominal pain CPS Cough Croup Crying Diarrhea Difficulty breathing Dog bite Ear/ eye pain Eye discharge Fall Facial swelling Febrile seizure Fever Foreign body in nose, eye, or ear Fussy
Chief complaints H-Z
Head injury Headache Hematuria Loss of consciousness Pink eye Rash Respiratory distress Seizure SOB Swallowed foreign body Vomiting Well child Wheezing Wrist injury
Fontanelle or Fontanel
“Soft spot” - junction where the two frontal and two parietal bones meet and remains soft until about 2 years of age
Nursemaid’s elbow (babysitter’s elbow)
Pulled elbow is a dislocation of the elbow joint caused by a sudden pull on the extended probated arm
Retractions
When the muscles between he ribs pull inward. The movement is usually a sign that the person has a breathing problem
Stridor
High pitched wheezing sound resulting from turbulent airflow in the upper airway
Tympanic membrane (TM)
Thin membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear
Umbilical hernia
Occurs when part of the intestine protrudes through an opening in the abdominal muscles
Harmless condition; common in infants, can affect adults
Abdomen exam findings
Soft, full, scaphoid
Profile: flat, rounded, scaphoid, protuberant
Anterior Fontanelle exam finds
Flats, full, sunken, closed, enlarged
Ear canal exam finds
Cerumen impaction, purulent discharge, erythema
Hemotympanum exam finds
Presence of blood in the tympanic cavity of the middle war
Lymphadenopathy exam finds
A swelling or enlargement of the lymph nodes
Mucous membranes exam finds
Moist, dry, pale, cyanotic
Pulmonary exam finds
Nasal flaring, retractions, accessory muscle usage, transmitted upper airways, tripod position
Nose exam finds
Deviated septum, septal hematoma, epistaxis, foreign body
Peritonsillar abscess exam finds
A collection of infected material in the area around the tonsils
Pharyngitis exam finds
Inflammation of the throat or pharynx
Posterior pharynx exam finds
Airway patent, uvula, peritonsil mass, pooling secretions
Tympanic Membrane (TM) exam finds
Bulging, decreased mobility, dullness, fluid levels, hemotympanum, rupture, injected, scarred, perforated, erythematous, retracted
Labs
BMP CBC Ear culture smear Group A strep culture Infectious Mononucleosis screen Influenza antigen Rapid strep A reflex to culture RSV- resp. Syncytial virus Urine Analysis (DO IF C&S >10 WBC)
Tests
CXR (XR Chest PA/LAT)
XR Neck Soft Tissue
Procedures
Foreign body removal
Reduction
Antibiotics
Amoxicillin (Amoxil)
Azithromycin (Zithromax)
CefTRIAXone (Rocephin)
