Dermatology Flashcards
Chief complaints
Abscess Abrasion Allergic reaction Blisters Bodily fluid exposure Boil Cyst Dog bite Facial swelling or laceration Head laceration Hand laceration Laceration Rash Skin problem Wound
Burn
Type of injury to flesh caused by heat, electricity, chemicals, light, radiation, or friction
First degree burn
Superficial
Surface is damaged
Epidermis (outermost skin layer) is still intact therefore able to control functions like control temp. And protect from infection or injury
Second degree burn
Damage extended through the epidermis and into dermis (second skin layer)
Also known as partial thickness burn
Indicates loss of skin function
Blisters are a sign
Third degree burn
Destroyed the epidermis and dermis
Known as full thickness burn
Trouble with fluid loss, heat loss, infection that comes with second degree burn
Known as nerve death= patient may not be able to feel anything in the area
Clubbing
A deformity of the fingers and fingernails associated with many diseases, mostly of the heart and lungs
Eczema
A chronic skin disorder involving scaly and itchy rashes as well as blistering, weeping, or peeling of the skin
Psoriasis
Skin condition causing skin redness and irritation
Purulent
Containing or composed of pus
Pruritis
Itching
Macular Rash
Circumscribed changes in color of skin that are neither raised nor depressed
Maculopapular rash
Flat, red area on the skin that’s covered with small confluent bumps
Nodular rash
Bumpy, usually deep to skin
Papular Rash
One or more small solid rounded bumps rising from the skin that are each usually 0.5 cm or less in diameter
Petechiae rash
Pinpoint flat round red spots under the skin surface caused by intradermal hemorrhage (bleeding into the skin)
Purpura rash
Appearance of red or purple discolorations on the skin that do not blanch on applying pressure
Pustules rash
Small elevation of the skin containing cloudy or purulent material usually consisting of necrotic inflammatory cells
Urticaria rash
(Hives) raised, often itchy, red welts on the surface of the skin
Vesicular rash
Small blisters
Red man syndrome
Reaction to the drug Vancomycin characterized by the reddening of the skin and scaling
Serosanguineous
Consisting of serum and blood
Abrasion
A wound consisting of superficial damage to the skin
Abscess
A collection of pus in any part of the body that usually causes swelling and inflammation around it
Body fluid exposure
Usually occurs when a healthcare worker comes into contact with a used patient needle
Cellulitis
Bacterial skin infection
Appears as swollen, red area of skin that feels hot and tender
Cyanosis
Blue or purple discoloration of the skin or mucous membranes due to the tissues near the skin surface being low on O2
Decubitus ulcers
Also known as bed sores or pressure ulcers; lesions of the skin
Diaphoretic
Excessive sweating commonly associated with shock and other medical emergency conditions
Ecchymosis
Medical term for a bruise
Erythema
Redness of the skin
Laceration
Irregular, tear-like wounds caused by some trauma
Lesion
Any abnormal tissue found on or in an organism, usually damaged by disease or trauma
Pallor
Extreme or unusual paleness of the skin
Rash
A change of the skin that affects its color, appearance, or texture
Superficial
Being at, on, or near the surface
Skin exam finds
Warm, dry, intact, diaphoretic, pale
Lesion exam finds
Abrasion, bruising, burn, ecchymosis, erythema, laceration, lesion
Rash exam finds
Urticarial, nodular, petechiae, purpura, pustular, vesicular, macular, popular, maculopapular
Nails exam finds
Clubbing, cyanosis
Induration exam finds
Area of gardening under skin
Fluctuance
Area of skin described as moving in waves, unstable or compressible
Decubitus ulcer stage 1
Superficial, indicated by redness, does not break the skin
Decubitus ulcer stage 2
Damage to the epidermis extending into the dermis
Ulcer may be referred to as a blister or abrasion
Decubitus ulcer stage 3
Full thickness of skin and may extend to subcutaneous tissue layer- poor blood supply- difficult to heal
May be undermining damage making the wound much larger than seen on the surface
Decubitus ulcer stage 4
Deepest, extending into the muscle, tendon, or even bone
Labs
Wound cultures: aerobic anaerobic culture smear
CBC
CRP
Procedures
Burn care
I & D
Laceration Repair
I & D
Incision and drainage
Minor surgical to release pus or pressure build up under skin such as abscess, boil, or infected Paranasal sinus
Laceration repair
Repair of laceration using sutures, staples, or steri-strips
Antibiotics
Cephalexin (Keflex)
Mupirocin (Bactroban) ointment
Sulfamethoxazole- trimethoprim (Bactrim)
Antihistamine
DiphenhydrAMINE (Benadryl)
Steroids
MethylPREDNISolone sod succ (solu medrol)
Prednisone (Deltasone)
Tetanus
Tetanus & diphtheria toxoids (adult) (DECAVAC/ Td) injection
Tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis adult (ADACEL) injection
Epinephrine (Epipen)
Selenium sulfide (Selsun) topical shampoo
Ketoconazole (Nizoral) topical cream
Permethrin (Elimite) topical cream
Pain relief
HYDROcodone- acetaminophen (Vicodin)
Dilaudid
Anesthetics (ends in caine)
Alcaine (ophthalmic)
Lidocaine
Lidocaine-epinephrine-tetracaine (LET) topical gel
Marcaine
Sensorcaine
Xylocaine
Diagnosis A-M
Abscess/ Abscess of Bartholin’s Gland
Allergic reaction (possibly drug related)
Burn
Cellulitis
Eczema
Facial laceration
Itching
Infected sebaceous cyst
Laceration
Lipoma
Medication reaction
Diagnosis N-Z
Pilondial Cyst
Pityriasis Versicolor
Pruritus
Psoriasis
Rash
Red man syndrome
Ringworm
Scabies
Scalp laceration
Shingles
Variceal
