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Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Boxer’s fracture

A

Common name for fracture at the neck of the bones which form the knuckles of the hand

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2
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) that lies between a joint and skin

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3
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Common condition characterized by long term, body wide pain and tender joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues

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4
Q

Kyphosis

A

Exaggeration of angulation of normal posterior curve of the spine

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5
Q

Lordosis

A

Anterior curvature of the cervical spine

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6
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time

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7
Q

Sciatica

A

Pain radiating from the buttocks down the back of the leg from an irritated sciatic nerve

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8
Q

AKA

A

Above knee amputation

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9
Q

Arthralgia

A

Inflammation of one or more joints, resulting in pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited movement

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10
Q

Ataxia

A

Failure of muscle coordination, such as staggering gait

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11
Q

Atrophy

A

The wasting or loss of muscle tissue

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12
Q

Axilla

A

Pertaining to the armpit (axillary)

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13
Q

BKA

A

Below knee amputation

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14
Q

BLE

A

Bilateral lower extremities

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15
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek or mouth

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16
Q

C-spine

A

Cervical spine (neck)

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17
Q

Crepitus

A

The grating, crackling, or popping sounds and sensations experienced under the skin and joints

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18
Q

DDD

A

Degenerative Disc Disease

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19
Q

Dislocation

A

Separation of two bones where they meet at a joint

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20
Q

DJD

A

Degenerative joint disease

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21
Q

Effusion

A

Escape of fluid into a part which causes swelling, as in pleural cavity or joint

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22
Q

Finger joints

A

DIP: distal finger joint

MCP: metacarpophalangel: connect metacarpal bones to pharyngeal bones

PIP: proximal finger joints

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23
Q

Fx

A

Fracture: break in the continuity of the bone

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24
Q

Hematoma

A

Collection of blood outside vessels, usually in liquid form within the tissue

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25
L-spine
Lumbar spine (low back)
26
Ligament
Fibrous tissue, bonding bones together
27
MAE
Moving all extremities
28
Malleolus
Projection on either side of the ankle joint from the lower leg bones
29
Myalgia
Muscular pain
30
Occiput
Back part of the skull
31
Phalanx
Any one of the bones of the fingers or toes
32
Pronate
Turn into a prone position; to rotate (the hand or forearm) so that the surface of the palm is downward or toward the back
33
Scapula
Shoulder blade: bone connecting the humerus (upper arm bone) to the clavicle (collar bone)
34
Splint
Device used for support or immobilization of limbs or of the spine
35
Stenosis
Narrowing of a body or opening or passage
36
Sternum
Breastbone
37
Sub-mental
Under the chin
38
Supinate
To turn or rotate (hand or forearm) so that the palm faced up or foreword
39
T-spine
Thoracic spine (mid back)
40
Vertebrae
Backbone
41
DVT Exam
Physical exam looking for calf tenderness, swelling, erythema
42
Homan Sign
Dorsiflexion of foot elicits pain in posterior calf
43
Pratt’s Sign
Squeezing of posterior calf elicits pain
44
Putting edema
Can be demonstrated by applying pressure to the swollen area by depressing skin with a finger. Described as non, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+
45
Joint findings
``` Decreased ROM / strength Deformity Tenderness Bony tenderness Laceration Pain Swelling Spasm Effusion Abnormal pulse Crepitus Edema ```
46
Ankle findings
``` Achilles’ tendon : Pain/ defect Thompson’s Test and Tenderness Lateral Malleolus Medial Malleolus AITFL CF Ligament Posterior TFL Head of 5th metatarsal Proximal fibula ```
47
Elbow findings
``` Tenderness Radial head Medical epicondyle Lateral epicondyle Olecranon process ```
48
Hand findings
``` Decreased cap refill Decreased sensation Ulnar/radial/medial distr Decreased strength Finger abduction Wrist extension Thumb/finger opposition ```
49
Knee findings
``` Abnl alignment, mobility, meniscus LCL laxity MCL laxity Tenderness Medial joint line Lateral joint line MCL / LCL Patellar tendon ```
50
Passive ROM
Physician moves the joint through the range of motion
51
Active ROM
Patient uses muscles surrounding the joints to perform the exercise
52
Straight leg raise
A test done during the physical exam to determine whether a patient with low back pain has an underlying herniated disc Lays on back, lifts leg while knee is straight Positive if pain is elicited past the knee
53
Snuff box tenderness
Tenderness of the triangular deepening on the radial , dorsal aspect of the hand
54
Weight bearing
The amount of weight a patient puts on the leg: partial or full
55
Arthroplasty
Orthopedic surgery: arthritic/ dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or by remodeling or realigning the joint by osteotomy
56
Arthroscopy
Minimally invasive; exam and treatment done to the damage of the interior of a joint using an arthroscope (endoscope inserted into the joint through a small incision)
57
Aspiration
Procedure where a sterile needle and syringe are used to drain fluid from the joint Can be performed in ER
58
Closed reduction
Method used for treating fractures where the physician manipulates the fractured bones from the outside of the body to correctly position them
59
Traction
Pulling the fragments apart Involving two people or a mechanical device
60
Manipulation
Displacement of fragments are repositioned using various maneuvers
61
Procedural sedation
Individual feels little to no pain, altered level of consciousness; used for medical procedures
62
Laminectomy
Spine operation to remove the portion of the vertebral bone-lamina, a thin plate or scale such as the arch of the vertebra, used to treat those with stenosis
63
Splinting
Device for immobilization (orthoglass splint/OCL splint, thumb spica splint, scotchcast, knee immobilizer)
64
Conscious sedation drugs
``` Brevital Etomidate Ketamine Propofol Versed ```
65
Anti-inflammatory/ muscle relaxers
``` Flexeril Ibuprofen Motrin Naprosyn Skelaxin Toradol ```

KINE (14 decks)

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