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KINE > Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

Boxer’s fracture

A

Common name for fracture at the neck of the bones which form the knuckles of the hand

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2
Q

Bursitis

A

Inflammation of the fluid-filled sac (bursa) that lies between a joint and skin

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3
Q

Fibromyalgia

A

Common condition characterized by long term, body wide pain and tender joints, muscles, tendons, and other soft tissues

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4
Q

Kyphosis

A

Exaggeration of angulation of normal posterior curve of the spine

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5
Q

Lordosis

A

Anterior curvature of the cervical spine

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6
Q

Osteoporosis

A

Thinning of bone tissue and loss of bone density over time

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7
Q

Sciatica

A

Pain radiating from the buttocks down the back of the leg from an irritated sciatic nerve

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8
Q

AKA

A

Above knee amputation

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9
Q

Arthralgia

A

Inflammation of one or more joints, resulting in pain, swelling, stiffness, and limited movement

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10
Q

Ataxia

A

Failure of muscle coordination, such as staggering gait

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11
Q

Atrophy

A

The wasting or loss of muscle tissue

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12
Q

Axilla

A

Pertaining to the armpit (axillary)

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13
Q

BKA

A

Below knee amputation

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14
Q

BLE

A

Bilateral lower extremities

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15
Q

Buccal

A

Cheek or mouth

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16
Q

C-spine

A

Cervical spine (neck)

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17
Q

Crepitus

A

The grating, crackling, or popping sounds and sensations experienced under the skin and joints

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18
Q

DDD

A

Degenerative Disc Disease

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19
Q

Dislocation

A

Separation of two bones where they meet at a joint

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20
Q

DJD

A

Degenerative joint disease

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21
Q

Effusion

A

Escape of fluid into a part which causes swelling, as in pleural cavity or joint

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22
Q

Finger joints

A

DIP: distal finger joint

MCP: metacarpophalangel: connect metacarpal bones to pharyngeal bones

PIP: proximal finger joints

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23
Q

Fx

A

Fracture: break in the continuity of the bone

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24
Q

Hematoma

A

Collection of blood outside vessels, usually in liquid form within the tissue

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25
Q

L-spine

A

Lumbar spine (low back)

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26
Q

Ligament

A

Fibrous tissue, bonding bones together

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27
Q

MAE

A

Moving all extremities

28
Q

Malleolus

A

Projection on either side of the ankle joint from the lower leg bones

29
Q

Myalgia

A

Muscular pain

30
Q

Occiput

A

Back part of the skull

31
Q

Phalanx

A

Any one of the bones of the fingers or toes

32
Q

Pronate

A

Turn into a prone position; to rotate (the hand or forearm) so that the surface of the palm is downward or toward the back

33
Q

Scapula

A

Shoulder blade: bone connecting the humerus (upper arm bone) to the clavicle (collar bone)

34
Q

Splint

A

Device used for support or immobilization of limbs or of the spine

35
Q

Stenosis

A

Narrowing of a body or opening or passage

36
Q

Sternum

A

Breastbone

37
Q

Sub-mental

A

Under the chin

38
Q

Supinate

A

To turn or rotate (hand or forearm) so that the palm faced up or foreword

39
Q

T-spine

A

Thoracic spine (mid back)

40
Q

Vertebrae

A

Backbone

41
Q

DVT Exam

A

Physical exam looking for calf tenderness, swelling, erythema

42
Q

Homan Sign

A

Dorsiflexion of foot elicits pain in posterior calf

43
Q

Pratt’s Sign

A

Squeezing of posterior calf elicits pain

44
Q

Putting edema

A

Can be demonstrated by applying pressure to the swollen area by depressing skin with a finger. Described as non, trace, 1+, 2+, 3+

45
Q

Joint findings

A 
Decreased ROM / strength
Deformity 
Tenderness
Bony tenderness
Laceration 
Pain
Swelling
Spasm
Effusion
Abnormal pulse
Crepitus
Edema
46
Q

Ankle findings

A 
Achilles’ tendon : Pain/ defect
Thompson’s Test and Tenderness
Lateral Malleolus
Medial Malleolus AITFL
CF Ligament 
Posterior TFL
Head of 5th metatarsal 
Proximal fibula
47
Q

Elbow findings

A 
Tenderness
Radial head
Medical epicondyle
Lateral epicondyle
Olecranon process
48
Q

Hand findings

A 
Decreased cap refill
Decreased sensation 
Ulnar/radial/medial distr 
Decreased strength 
Finger abduction 
Wrist extension 
Thumb/finger opposition
49
Q

Knee findings

A 
Abnl alignment, mobility, meniscus 
LCL laxity 
MCL laxity
Tenderness
Medial joint line 
Lateral joint line 
MCL / LCL 
Patellar tendon
50
Q

Passive ROM

A

Physician moves the joint through the range of motion

51
Q

Active ROM

A

Patient uses muscles surrounding the joints to perform the exercise

52
Q

Straight leg raise

A

A test done during the physical exam to determine whether a patient with low back pain has an underlying herniated disc

Lays on back, lifts leg while knee is straight

Positive if pain is elicited past the knee

53
Q

Snuff box tenderness

A

Tenderness of the triangular deepening on the radial , dorsal aspect of the hand

54
Q

Weight bearing

A

The amount of weight a patient puts on the leg: partial or full

55
Q

Arthroplasty

A

Orthopedic surgery: arthritic/ dysfunctional joint surface is replaced with something better or by remodeling or realigning the joint by osteotomy

56
Q

Arthroscopy

A

Minimally invasive; exam and treatment done to the damage of the interior of a joint using an arthroscope (endoscope inserted into the joint through a small incision)

57
Q

Aspiration

A

Procedure where a sterile needle and syringe are used to drain fluid from the joint

Can be performed in ER

58
Q

Closed reduction

A

Method used for treating fractures where the physician manipulates the fractured bones from the outside of the body to correctly position them

59
Q

Traction

A

Pulling the fragments apart

Involving two people or a mechanical device

60
Q

Manipulation

A

Displacement of fragments are repositioned using various maneuvers

61
Q

Procedural sedation

A

Individual feels little to no pain, altered level of consciousness; used for medical procedures

62
Q

Laminectomy

A

Spine operation to remove the portion of the vertebral bone-lamina, a thin plate or scale such as the arch of the vertebra, used to treat those with stenosis

63
Q

Splinting

A

Device for immobilization (orthoglass splint/OCL splint, thumb spica splint, scotchcast, knee immobilizer)

64
Q

Conscious sedation drugs

A 
Brevital 
Etomidate
Ketamine 
Propofol 
Versed
65
Q

Anti-inflammatory/ muscle relaxers

A 
Flexeril
Ibuprofen 
Motrin
Naprosyn
Skelaxin
Toradol

KINE (14 decks)

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