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KINE > Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

Chief complaints

A 
AICD problem
Chest pain (angina)
Cardiac arrest
Heart murmur
Heart problem
Hypotension/ hypertension 
Irregular heart beat
Pleurisy 
Pacemaker problem 
Palpitations 
Rapid/ slow heart rate
Syncope
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2
Q

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA or triple A)

A

The large blood vessel that supplies blood to the abdomen, pelvis, and legs becomes abnormally large or balloons outward

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3
Q

Aortic dissection

A

A potentially life- threatening condition where there is bleeding into and along the wall of the aorta, the major artery leaving the heart

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4
Q

Aneurysm

A

An abnormal widening or ballooning of a portion of an artery due to weakness in the wall of the blood vessel

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5
Q

Artherosclerosis

A

The build-up of fats, cholesterol, and other substances in and on the artery walls

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6
Q

Atrial fibrillation (a-fib)

A

The atria contract very quickly and not in a regular pattern, making the ventricles beat abnormally, leading to an irregular (and usually fast) pulse

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7
Q

BBB (Bundle Branch Block)

A

Refers to a defect of the hearts electrical conduction system

RBBB- right BBB
LBBB- left BBB

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8
Q

Cardiomyopathy

A

A weakening of the heart muscle, often associated with inadequate heart pumping

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9
Q

EF - ejection fracture

A

The fraction of blood pumped out of ventricles with each heart beat

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10
Q

Endocarditis

A

Inflammation of the inner layer of the heart, the endocardium

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11
Q

Myocarditis

A

Inflammation of the heart muscle, usually caused by viral, bacterial, or fungal infections that reach the heart

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12
Q

Pericarditis

A

An inflammation of the pericardium (the fibrous sac surrounding the heart)

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13
Q

PND - paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea

A

Sudden, sever shortness of breath at night that awakens a person from sleep

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14
Q

PVD

A

A condition of the blood vessels that leads to narrowing and hardening of the arteries that supply the legs and feet

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15
Q

Stenosis

A

The narrowing or constriction of an opening, such as a blood vessel or heart valve

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16
Q

Supra ventricular Tachycardia (SVT)

A

Any tachycardiac rhythm originating above the ventricular tissue

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17
Q

Ventricular Fibrillation (V Fib)

A

Uncoordinated contraction of the cardiac muscle of the ventricles in the heart, making them quiver rather than contract properly, severely abnormal heart rhythm that is life threatening

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18
Q

Ventricular tachycardia (V Tach)

A

A rapid heartbeat that starts in the ventricles

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19
Q

ACLS

A

Advanced cardiac life support

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20
Q

Angina

A

Chest pain that occurs when diseased blood vessels restrict blood flow to the heart

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21
Q

Asystole

A

State of no cardiac electrical activity

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22
Q

BP

A

Blood pressure

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23
Q

Cardiomegaly

A

Enlarged heart

24
Q

Congestive heart failure (CHF)

A

Inability of the heart to supply sufficient blood flow to meet the body’s needs

25
Q

Coronary artery disease (CAD)

A

A narrowing of the small blood vessels that supply blood and oxygen to the heart

26
Q

CP

A

Chest pain

27
Q

Diastolic pressure

A

Measurement of blood pressure when the heart is at rest, bottom number of BP

28
Q

Edema

A

Swelling caused by fluid in the body’s tissues

29
Q

Embolism

A

The event of lodging of an embolus into a narrow capillary vessel f an arterial bed which causes a blockage

30
Q

Hypertension

A

High BP

31
Q

Hypotension

A

Low BP

32
Q

ICD - implantable cardioverter defibrillator

A

When an ICD detects ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation it shocks the heart to restore normal rhythm

33
Q

MI - myocardial infarction

A

Heart attack

34
Q

NSTEMI

A

Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction

35
Q

Orthopnea

A

Shortness of breath which occurs when lying flat, which is a sign of heart failure

36
Q

Palpitations

A

“Fast heart beat”; “irregular heart beat”

37
Q

PE - pulmonary embolism

A

A blockage of the main artery of the lung or one of its branches by a substance that has traveled from elsewhere in the body

38
Q

Pleurisy

A

Inflammation of the lining of the lungs and chest that leads to chest pain when taking a breath

39
Q

Pulse oximetry

A

Measure of percent of oxygen in person’s blood

40
Q

STEMI

A

ST elevation myocardial infarction

41
Q

Systolic Pressure

A

Blood pressure when heart is contracting, first reading

42
Q

Blood clot risk factors

A 
Smoking
Recent surgery/ hospitalization 
Previous history of blood clots 
BCP of hormonal replacement therapy 
Recent long travel
Family history of blood clots
43
Q

Heart disease risk factors

A 
Hypertension 
Diabetes 
Obesity
High cholesterol 
Smoking
Older age
Family history of early heart disease
44
Q

Abnormal heart sounds

A

Gallop, rub, murmur, S3 S4 (extra heart sounds from gallop rhythms)

45
Q

Arrhythmia

A

An abnormal heart rhythm

46
Q

Bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate

47
Q

Tachycardia

A

Fast heart rate

48
Q

Carotid bruit

A

A sound made in the blood vessels resulting from turbulence, perhaps because of a build up of plaque or damage to the vessels

49
Q

JVD - jugular vein distention

A

The bulging distention of the jugular vein

50
Q

Reproducible symptoms

A

Chest pain that is reproducible by palpitating the chest

51
Q

S1S2

A

Normal heart sounds, associated with heart valves closing, causing changes in blood flow

52
Q

Pulses

A

Tactile arterial palpation of the heartbeat

Measured on a scale of 1+ to 4+ (2+ is normal)

53
Q

Brachial artery

A

On the inside of the elbow

54
Q

Carotid artery

A

Neck

55
Q

Dorsalis Pedis (DP) artery

A

On top of the foot

56
Q

Posterior tibial (PT) artery

A

Near the ankle joint

57
Q

Radial artery

A

At the wrist

KINE (14 decks)

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