Pediatrics

Question 0

What is VATER syndrome?

Answer 0

Vertebral abnormality
Anal
TE fistula
Renal

Question 1

What are the new born screening test?

Answer 1

Please Check BBefore Going HHome”

PKU
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Biotinidase, Bthalassemia
Galactosemia
Hypothyroidism, Homocystinuria

Question 2

What is an average IQ?

Answer 2

85-100

Question 3

What are the most common causes of mental retardation in the US?

Answer 3

EtOH, Fragile X, Down’s

Question 4

What is Rubeola also known as?

Answer 4

Measles

Question 5

What is Rubella also known as?

Answer 5

German Measles

Question 6

What is the APGAR test?

Answer 6

Test at 1 and 5 min (normal >7)

Appearance (color)
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration

Question 7

Whatvis the most common eye infection the first day of life?

Answer 7

Clear discharge due to silver nitrate

Question 8

What is the most common eye infection the first week of life?

Answer 8

Gonorrhea => purulent discharge

Question 9

What is the most common eye infection the second week of life?

Answer 9

Chlamydia

Question 10

What is the most common eye infection the third week of life?

Answer 10

Herpes

Question 11

What are the causes of hyperbilirubinemia?

Answer 11

Sepsis, ABO incompatibility, hypothyroidism, breast feeding

Question 12

What is the cause of symmetrically small babies?

Answer 12

Chromosomal abnormality or TORCHS

Question 13

What is the cause of asymmetrically small babies?

Answer 13

Poor blood supply spares brain => small body, normal head

Question 14

What is the cause of large babies?

Answer 14

DM or twin-twin transfusions

Question 15

What is Milia?

Answer 15

Neonatal whiteheads on malar area

Question 16

What is nevus flammeus?

Answer 16

“stork bites” on back of neck, look like flames

Question 17

What is Seborreic dermatitis?

Answer 17

Red rash w/oily skin and dry flaky hairline

Question 18

What are hemangiomas?

Answer 18

Flat blood vessels

Question 19

What are mongolian spots?

Answer 19

Melanocytes on lower back

Question 20

What is Erythema toxicum?

Answer 20

White wheal on red area, has eosinophils

Question 21

What is subgaleal hemorrhage?

Answer 21

Prolonged jaundice in newborns due to birthing trauma

Question 22

What is a Caput Succedaneum?

Answer 22

Under scalp (edema crosses suture lines)

Question 23

What is an Epstein’s pearl?

Answer 23

White pearls on hard palate

Question 24

What is persistent eye drainage since birth usually due to?

Answer 24

Hypothyroidism, Down's

Question 25

What causes a Cleft Lip?

Answer 25

Medial nasal prominence did not fuse

Question 26

What causes a Cleft palate?

Answer 26

Maxillary shelves did not fuse

Question 27

What is the most common cause of no red reflex?

Answer 27

Cataracts

Question 28

What is the most common cause of white reflex?

Answer 28

Retinoblastoma

Question 29

What is the sign of a Clavicle Fracture?

Answer 29

Asymmetric moro reflex

Question 30

What is an omphalocele?

Answer 30

Intestines protrude out of umbilicus covered by peritoneum

Question 31

What is gastroschisis?

Answer 31

Abdominal wall defect, off-center

Question 32

What is nephroblastoma?

Answer 32

Kidney "Wilm's" tumor, hemihypertrophy, aniridia

Question 33

What is a neuroblastoma?

Answer 33

Adrenal medulla tumor, hypsarrhythmia, opsoclonus, ^VMA

Question 34

What is polyhydramnios?

Answer 34

Too much amniotic fluid, baby can't swallow

Question 35

What are the most common causes of polyhydramnios?

Answer 35

NM problem: werdnig-hoffman | GI problem: Duodenal atresia

Question 36

What is Oligohydramnios?

Answer 36

Too little amniotic fluid, baby can't pee

Question 37

What are the most common causes of Oligohydramnios?

Answer 37

Abd muscle problem: prune belly | Renal agenesis: Potter's syndrome

Question 38

What is fifth disease?

Answer 38

Erythema infectiosum "slapped cheeks", arthritis in mom, aplastic anemia

Question 39

What is Sixth disease?

Answer 39

Roseola, exanthema subitum (fever disappears, then rash appears)

Question 40

What is hand- foot-mouth disease?

Answer 40

Mouth ulcers => wont eat or drink, palm/sole rash, coxsackie A virus

Question 41

What is Measles = rubeola?

Answer 41

1. Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis 2. Koplik spot 3. Morbilliform blotchy rash

Question 42

What is Molluscum Contagiosum?

Answer 42

Flesh-colored papules w/ central dimple

Question 43

What is mumps?

Answer 43

Parotiditis => red stensons duct

Question 44

What is otitis media?

Answer 44

Fluid in middle ear

Question 45

What is Pityriasis Rosea?

Answer 45

Herald patch -> migrates along skin lines "C-mass tree" appearance

Question 46

What is Rubell = German 3-day measles?

Answer 46

Trunkmrash, lymphadenopathy behind ears, don't look sick

Question 47

How is smallpox different from chickenpox?

Answer 47

Smallpox is on face, same stage of development, fever

Question 48

What is varicella= chickenpox?

Answer 48

1. Red macule 2. Clear vesicle on red dot 3. Pus 4. Scab

Question 49

What is Zellweger's

Answer 49

Neonatal seizures

Question 50

What is the most common cause delayed speech develeopment?

Answer 50

Hearing loss

Question 51

What are the signs of child abuse?

Answer 51

* multiple ecchymoses * retinal hemorrhage * epidural/ subdural hemorrhage * spiral fractures (twisted) * multiple fractures in different healing stages

Question 52

What should you rule out when child abuse is suspected?

Answer 52

* osteogenesis imperfecta * bleeding disorders * fifth disease * mongolian spots