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PPClues > Pediatrics > Flashcards

Pediatrics Flashcards

0
Q

What is VATER syndrome?

A

Vertebral abnormality
Anal
TE fistula
Renal

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1
Q

What are the new born screening test?

A

Please Check BBefore Going HHome”

PKU
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
Biotinidase, Bthalassemia
Galactosemia
Hypothyroidism, Homocystinuria
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2
Q

What is an average IQ?

A

85-100

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3
Q

What are the most common causes of mental retardation in the US?

A

EtOH, Fragile X, Down’s

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4
Q

What is Rubeola also known as?

A

Measles

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5
Q

What is Rubella also known as?

A

German Measles

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6
Q

What is the APGAR test?

A

Test at 1 and 5 min (normal >7)

Appearance (color)
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiration
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7
Q

Whatvis the most common eye infection the first day of life?

A

Clear discharge due to silver nitrate

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8
Q

What is the most common eye infection the first week of life?

A

Gonorrhea => purulent discharge

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9
Q

What is the most common eye infection the second week of life?

A

Chlamydia

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10
Q

What is the most common eye infection the third week of life?

A

Herpes

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11
Q

What are the causes of hyperbilirubinemia?

A

Sepsis, ABO incompatibility, hypothyroidism, breast feeding

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12
Q

What is the cause of symmetrically small babies?

A

Chromosomal abnormality or TORCHS

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13
Q

What is the cause of asymmetrically small babies?

A

Poor blood supply spares brain => small body, normal head

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14
Q

What is the cause of large babies?

A

DM or twin-twin transfusions

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15
Q

What is Milia?

A

Neonatal whiteheads on malar area

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16
Q

What is nevus flammeus?

A

“stork bites” on back of neck, look like flames

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17
Q

What is Seborreic dermatitis?

A

Red rash w/oily skin and dry flaky hairline

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18
Q

What are hemangiomas?

A

Flat blood vessels

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19
Q

What are mongolian spots?

A

Melanocytes on lower back

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20
Q

What is Erythema toxicum?

A

White wheal on red area, has eosinophils

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21
Q

What is subgaleal hemorrhage?

A

Prolonged jaundice in newborns due to birthing trauma

22
Q

What is a Caput Succedaneum?

A

Under scalp (edema crosses suture lines)

23
Q

What is an Epstein’s pearl?

A

White pearls on hard palate

24
Q

What is persistent eye drainage since birth usually due to?

A

Hypothyroidism, Down’s

25
Q

What causes a Cleft Lip?

A

Medial nasal prominence did not fuse

26
Q

What causes a Cleft palate?

A

Maxillary shelves did not fuse

27
Q

What is the most common cause of no red reflex?

A

Cataracts

28
Q

What is the most common cause of white reflex?

A

Retinoblastoma

29
Q

What is the sign of a Clavicle Fracture?

A

Asymmetric moro reflex

30
Q

What is an omphalocele?

A

Intestines protrude out of umbilicus covered by peritoneum

31
Q

What is gastroschisis?

A

Abdominal wall defect, off-center

32
Q

What is nephroblastoma?

A

Kidney “Wilm’s” tumor, hemihypertrophy, aniridia

33
Q

What is a neuroblastoma?

A

Adrenal medulla tumor, hypsarrhythmia, opsoclonus, ^VMA

34
Q

What is polyhydramnios?

A

Too much amniotic fluid, baby can’t swallow

35
Q

What are the most common causes of polyhydramnios?

A

NM problem: werdnig-hoffman

GI problem: Duodenal atresia

36
Q

What is Oligohydramnios?

A

Too little amniotic fluid, baby can’t pee

37
Q

What are the most common causes of Oligohydramnios?

A

Abd muscle problem: prune belly

Renal agenesis: Potter’s syndrome

38
Q

What is fifth disease?

A

Erythema infectiosum “slapped cheeks”, arthritis in mom, aplastic anemia

39
Q

What is Sixth disease?

A

Roseola, exanthema subitum (fever disappears, then rash appears)

40
Q

What is hand- foot-mouth disease?

A

Mouth ulcers => wont eat or drink, palm/sole rash, coxsackie A virus

41
Q

What is Measles = rubeola?

A
  1. Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis
  2. Koplik spot
  3. Morbilliform blotchy rash
42
Q

What is Molluscum Contagiosum?

A

Flesh-colored papules w/ central dimple

43
Q

What is mumps?

A

Parotiditis => red stensons duct

44
Q

What is otitis media?

A

Fluid in middle ear

45
Q

What is Pityriasis Rosea?

A

Herald patch -> migrates along skin lines “C-mass tree” appearance

46
Q

What is Rubell = German 3-day measles?

A

Trunkmrash, lymphadenopathy behind ears, don’t look sick

47
Q

How is smallpox different from chickenpox?

A

Smallpox is on face, same stage of development, fever

48
Q

What is varicella= chickenpox?

A
  1. Red macule
  2. Clear vesicle on red dot
  3. Pus
  4. Scab
49
Q

What is Zellweger’s

A

Neonatal seizures

50
Q

What is the most common cause delayed speech develeopment?

A

Hearing loss

51
Q

What are the signs of child abuse?

A
  • multiple ecchymoses
  • retinal hemorrhage
  • epidural/ subdural hemorrhage
  • spiral fractures (twisted)
  • multiple fractures in different healing stages
52
Q

What should you rule out when child abuse is suspected?

A
  • osteogenesis imperfecta
  • bleeding disorders
  • fifth disease
  • mongolian spots

PPClues (24 decks)

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