Pediatric infectious Disease: Otis Media Flashcards
T/F: Otitis Media is the most common indication for antibiotics in children
True
Why has there been a decrease in prevelance in acute Otitis Media
The pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13)
What are the risks for antibiotic resistance
Increased use of antibiotics, less than two years old, winter climate, high attendance at daycare, recent antibiotic use
What significant symptoms are present in an ear infection
Temperature, increased heart rate, bulging tempanic membrane with little movement, hearing impatirement, discharge/tympanostomy tubes placed
Why are kids at a higher risk of getting ear infections
Since they have Eustachian that is at a flat angle not allowing for good drainage
How can not feeding bottles at an angle lead to an ear infection
Formula can be backwashed and stuck in the Eustachian tube
T/F: A cleft palate mutation can increase risk of ear infections
True
What are enviornmental causes of earinfections
Day care attendance, smoking, respiratory infections
Whats the purpose of treating otis media
reduce hearing impairment, mastoditis
T/F When a child has ear pain the best resolution is always with an antibiotic
False: 80% of the time there is a resolution without. Antibiotics are only needed if an infection is present
What organisms cause acute otitis media
Streptococcus Pneumoniae, Moraxella Catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenza, Staphylococcus Aureus
What are the most common causes of acute otitis media, what helps combat this cause
Viruses, Flu and PCV13 vaccinations
When symptoms constitute a severe acute otitis media
Moderate or severe ear pain with a fever greater than 102.2
What medications should be given within the first 24 hours if possible, which is better
Acetaminophen or Ibuprofen, Acetaminophen
What is the 1st line treatment option for acute otitis media
Observation (deter antibiotic treatment for 48 to 72 hours with follow up
When would observation not be a viable option
Patient has an infection in both ears, patient is less than 6 months old, severe illness
When would observation be a viable option
If the patient is inbetween 6 months and 2 yeards old with non-severe illness and unilateral involment, greater than 2 with a non-severe illness and no ear pain
T/F: Cephlasporins is not an effective choice for AOM therapy and Erythromycin does treat AOM but is not effective against resistant strands because they don’t reach adequate concentrations
False: Erythromycin is not an effective choice for AOM therapy and Cephalosporins do treat AOM but many are not effective against resistant organisms because they don’t reach adequate concentrations
What is the first line antibiotic therapy for non-severe Acute Otitis Media, what dose
Amoxicillin 80-90 mg/kg/day
What antibiotic is given if the patient fails Amoxicillin, what dose
Augmentin 80-90 mg/kg/day
T/F: If the patient has a type 1 allergy (anaphylaxis, hives, SOB) the paitent can only be moved to cefuroxine or cefdnir, while a Type 2 allergy could keep them on Amoxicillin or Augmentin
True
What antibioitc would be given if a patient failed Augmentin
Ceftriaxone, Tympamocentesis, Clindamycin
What is 1st line antibiotics if the patient has a severe acute Otitis Media, what is the dose
Augmentin 80-90 mg/kg/day
What antibiotic therapy is given if the patient fails Augmentin 80-90 mg/kg/day
Ceftriaxone IM daily for 3 days or Cefdnir given once or twice a day/Cefuroxime given twice a day
