Ped 5 #98

Question 1

Severely dehydrated infants must have their circulating blood volume restored first, usually
with 0.9% saline in aliquots of ___mL/kg IV. Treatment is then with _____________
saline solution IV in volumes equal to the calculated fluid deficit, given over _ to _ days to
avoid a rapid fall in serum osmolality, which would cause rapid movement of water into
cells and potentially lead to cerebral edema.

Answer 1

20

5% D/W/0.3% to 0.45%

2 to 3 days

Question 2

what is the most common cause of hypertension in children under 6 years of age?

Answer 2

Renal parenchymal disease

Question 3

Type IV reactions ( also called ______ hypersensitivity) are mediated by:_______

Answer 3

delayed

T cell

Question 4

Disorders involving type IV reactions include:

Answer 4

contact dermatitis (eg, poison ivy),
hypersensitivity pneumonitis,
tuberculosis,
allograft rejection, and
many forms of drug hypersensitivity

Question 5

A mother brings to you her 5-year-old boy for short stature. Both parents have a history of
short stature in childhood, but they are now of normal height.

This condition describes children who are small for their ages but who are growing at a
normal rate. They usually have a delayed _______. And how would you Dx this?

Answer 5

“bone age,” which means that their skeletal
maturation is younger than their age in years. (A child’s bone age is measured by taking an
X-ray of a child’s hand and wrist and comparing it to standard X-ray findings seen in
children of the same age.)

Question 6

the most common cause of short stature

and pubertal delay is :_____________

Answer 6

constitutional growth delay (CGD)

Question 7

Toddler’s diarrhea also known as_________, is a perplexing condition for parents and doctors alike.

Answer 7

chronic nonspecific diarrhea of childhood

Question 8

Toddler’s diarrhea is defined as a diarrhea that lasts for more than _______, usually consists of ____watery stools per day

Answer 8

two weeks
5-10

the TOwD-TEN

Question 9

How stool look like in Toddler’s diarrhea?

Answer 9

often with undigested

food particles

Question 10

Who usually has Toddler’s diarrhea? age and comorbidities

Answer 10

a child between about 6 months to 4 or 5 years old
, who is
growing and developing normally and otherwise seems healthy, there is no detectable
medical cause for diarrhea such as infection, food malabsorption or allergy.

Question 11

antidote for gasoline poisoning is:_____

Answer 11

There is no antidote for gasoline poisoning.

Tho, Catharsis with magnesium or sodium sulfate is acceptable

Question 12

For how long should you monitor a patient that has ingested gasoline? (hours) and what to do with them in the meantime

Answer 12

All symptomatic patients should have a chest X-ray taken no sooner than two hours postingestion,
and should be observed in the emergency department for a period of six hours.

Question 13

The patient that has ingested gasoline may be discharged with observation at home if, and only if!______________

Answer 13

asymptomatic throughout and Xray is negative

Question 14

2-month-old girl, with a large ventricular septal defect, has moderate bronchiolitis due to respiratory syncytial virus. Treatment?
(congenital hear disease + bronchiolitis)

Answer 14

symptomatic relief
hydration
**Oxygen therapy: given by an oxygen tent or face mask.**

Oxygen therapy is the cornerstone of bronchiolitis management in infants, if! only if comorbidities or <92%

Question 15

How to treat a symple bronchiolitis?

Answer 15

can start with a trial of salbutamol

Oxygen if <90%