p312 Flashcards
febrile seizures. How to Tx and how to not to Tx them.
Tx: acetaminophen. Antipyretics are the
first-line treatment.
Phenytoin and carbamazepine are ineffective for febrile seizures
Phenobarbital is sometimes used for prevention of recurrent febrile seizures, but is not
indicated as an initial therapy.
A 4-year-old female has labial adhesions. most appropriate management?
Application of estrogen cream to the site
In patients with pleural effusion, the diagnosis of TB is made by: ________________________ or by__________________________________.
detection of acid-fast
bacilli by stain or by culture of mycobacteria in pleural fluid or pleural tissue (obtained by
closed biopsy) or by the presence of caseating granulomas in histological sections
Tx for All patients with new, previously untreated TB
should receive a _ month initial phase of treatment followed by a _ or _ month continuation phase.
Initial-phase therapy is with a combination of antibiotics for the first _ months which are _______________,__________________,_______.
_________ is added in the initial phase whenever there is any suspicion of initial drug resistance and while the results of drug susceptibility testing are pending (which is not the case in this scenario).
should receive a 2 month initial phase of treatment followed by a 4 or 7 month continuation phase
Initial-phase therapy is with a combination of antibiotics for the first 2 months which are isoniazid (INH), rifampin (RIF), and pyrazinamide (PZA).
Ethambutol (EMB) is added in the initial phase whenever there is any suspicion of initial drug resistance and while the results of drug susceptibility testing are pending (which is not the case in this scenario).
You suspect a neuroblastoma. Which
one blood test provides a great advantage in confirming the diagnosis?
Levels of homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid in the urine
Vainilla homosexual. Vainillla Mandelica!
urine catabolites of dopamine. (produced by this adrenal tumour)
Among the etiologies of tinea capitis, __________, infection causes “black dot ringworm,” in which hair shafts break at the scalp surface.
T. tonsurans
Among the etiologies of tinea capitis, __________, causes “gray patch ringworm,” in which hair shafts break above the surface, leaving short stubs.
M. audouinii
The appropriate intervention when encountering a child with rectal prolapse is to
order this test…
a sweat chloride test to see if the child has cystic fibrosis..
As Rectal prolapse occurs in 20% of patients with cystic fibrosis who are aged 6 months to 3
years.
Reye syndrome, characteristic signs
severe vomiting, encephalitis, that occurs after the administration of ASA during a viral illness
Reye syndrome, what characteristic test can you take to Dx?
Serum ammonia level
Hyperammonemia
Tourette syndrome Tx
Behavioral therapy
Indicated for mild, nondisabling symptoms
Medical therapy [9]
Indicated for severe or refractive cases
Tourette syndrome Tx medical?
Alpha-adrenergic agonists: guanfacine (often first-line therapy), clonidine
Typical neuroleptic drugs: pimozide, haloperidol, fluphenazine (FDA-approved but may cause tardive dyskinesia)
Atypical neuroleptic drugs: risperidone (increasingly preferred because of fewer side effects)
Dopamine depleting drugs: tetrabenazine
