PBN & RNP-AR Flashcards
When and how can SLS be used?
MEA:
* Minima: must be LNAV/VNAV minima (not LPV)
* Equipment: aircraft must be SLS equipped
* Augmentation: RNP approach must be EGNOS augmented
11/06/24
What does RAIM stand for?
What is it?
Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring
This is an integral self-monitoring of GNSS position, which can happen if you have 24 operating GPS satellites. It identifies “good” signals and “bad” signals, and dumps the “bad” signals.
If you have less than 24 operating satellites, a ground based station is required for integrity monitoring.
03/11/24
What augmentation systems are currently used for RNP-AR?
EGNOS
(European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service)
03/11/24
How is the accuracy of the GPS system ascertained?
Using the AUGUR prediction tool on the Eurocontrol website.
03/11/24
What is meant by “RNP 0.3”
“Required Navigation Performance 0.3nm”
The aircraft position can be ascertained to within 0.3nm.
03/11/24
What is the lowest system minima for a RNP-AR approach?
Currently, easyJet not authorised to use RNP-AR minima below 0.3nm.
03/11/24
What are the 3 elements of RNP-AR?
Where is the required RNP approach equipment listed?
FCOM > Procedures > Special Operations > Performance Based Navigation (PBN)
03/11/24
How can you tell if the aircraft is capable of flying a SLS approach?
In the configuration summary in the eQRH.
11/06/24
What does F-APP + RAW mean?
FLS guidance is shown (may be referred to) but must not be used. The approach must be flown with reference to raw data (NDB, VOR, LLZ etc).
11/06/24
What is the difference between SLS and FLS?
SLS stands for SBAS Landing System
(SBAS = Satellite Based Augmentation System)
FLS stands for FMS Landing System
11/06/24
How does SBAS work?
A network of precisely surveyed ground based monitoring stations (called EGNOS) pick up GNSS information and calculate a position error. The position error is transmitted back to the satellite, which then transmits an error correction to the aircraft’s MMR.
11/06/24
Can you fly a SLS approach without EGNOS?
No. The EGNOS network is needed in order to receive the position error signal.
11/06/24
When making a SLS approach, how is the vertical path calculated?
From GNSS signals with EGNOS corrections (“geometric”).
11/06/24
Can you use SLS guidance on any RNP approach?
No. The approach type (top right) needs to state “RNP… EGNOS” in order to use SLS.
11/06/24
What minima can be used if flying a SLS approach?
VNAV/LNAV minima
(not the LPV minima)
11/06/24
If you want to fly a SLS approach, you must select this approach type in the FMGC. What other selections must you check?
In the RAD NAV page, check that SLS is selected.
11/06/24
What is FLS?
FMS Landing System
Used for VOR/NDB and RNP approaches
(not RNP-AR approaches)
11/06/24
In the PERF page of the FMGS, what selections (FLS/FINAL APP) should be made for flying:
* RNP-AR approach?
* VOR/NDB approach?
* RNP approach?
RNP-AR: FINAL APP
VOR/NDB: FLS
RNP: FLS
11/06/24
What is the advantage of using FLS vertical beam (F-G/S) over using a traditional method of flying a Type A 2D approach?
- Inserting the OAT in the PERF-APPR page will automatically correct obstacle clearance.
- FINAL APP technique results in a level segment for succesful engagement. FLS allows for CDA and G/S from above.
- Localiser only approaches can use vertical F-G/S guidance
15/06/24
If flying a FLS approach, do you need to select the LS PBS or not?
Yes.
15/06/24
Passing 10,000ft in descent, what must be checked if flying a FLS approach?
GPS Primary on at least one FMS.
15/06/24
If flying a LOC only approach, what modes would you expect to see armed on the PFD when pressing the APPR PB when on an intercept heading?
LOC and F-G/S
15/06/24
What are some key limitations of FLS?
- Curved final approaches are not supported, so cannot be used for RNP-AR
- Final approach leg and runway track must be less than 50°
- Still susceptible to incorrect QNH settings
- LPV minima are not usable (yet)
15/06/24
What are the differences between the G/S from above procedure and the F-G/S from above procedure?
None.
15/06/24
If flying a FLS approach, what height AGL will the message DISCONNECT AP FOR LDG appear?
150ft
15/06/24
VOR, NDB, LOC approaches:
FLS capability downgrades to F-APP + RAW, what must you do?
Approach can continue in FLS, but lateral navigation must be crosschecked against raw nav data and distances/altitudes must be checked against charts.
15/06/24
VOR, NDB, LOC approaches:
FLS approach capability downgrades to RAW ONLY. What must you do?
VOR, NDB approaches: deselect LS PB, revert to TRK/FPA guidance.
LOC approaches: may continue with LS PB selected, following the LOC. But vertical guidance must be in a selected mode, disregarding the F-G/S.
Essentially, you need to use raw navaid data only.
15/06/24
You are flying a RNAV(GNSS) approach with LNAV or LNAV/VNAV minima. What are the actions in event of GPS PRIMARY LOST or NAV ACCUR DOWNGRAD?
Providing the fault occurs on only one ND or FMGS, continue the approach using the remaining one.
15/06/24
You are flying a RNAV(GNSS) approach with LNAV or LNAV/VNAV minima. What are the actions in event of:
F-APP capability lost?
F-LOC deviation exceeding 1 dot?
NAV FM/GPS POS DISAGREE?
Discontinue approach (or continue visually, if possible).
15/06/24
What FLS capabilities are there?
F-APP
F-APP+RAW
RAW ONLY
24/02/25
If flying an aircraft the next day with FLS capability, what is a good resource to refresh your memory about this?
easyjetlearning.com - FY24 - FLS training
24/02/25
