OMA, ANO, CSPM, LIDO(GEN) Flashcards
What is the approach ban?
Don’t continue an approach below 1000ft (AAL) if the RVR/VIS is less than the minimum.
If the minimum is >1000ft, then approach must not be continued past the FAF.
08/05/24
Can we carry unaccompanied minors?
“Children” are people under 16 years old (i.e., who have not yet reached their 16th birthday).
They cannot be carried unless accompanied by an “Adult” (= person older than 16)
In exceptional circumstances, ICC may authorise the carriage of a person under the age of 16 if unaccompanied.
08/05/24
In OMA, how are the ages of “infant”, “child” and “adult” defined?
What is their applicability?
Infant: not yet had their second birthday.
Child: between 2 and 12.
Adult: older than 12 years old
This applies to most things (e.g., being seated in exit rows, being seated with parents/guardians and standard masses). The exception is being an “unaccompanied minor” (for which the age limit is 16).
09/05/24
Can a Pax carry musical instruments on the a/c?
Yes: full details in CSPM.
If a ticket has been bought for the instrument:
- it must be in a case
- it must occupy a window seat
- it may not protrude more than 30cm above the top of a seat back
- it must not stop oxygen masks dropping from the PSU.
08/05/24
Can you dispatch without a destination alternate? (UK AOC)
Difference between UK AOC and Austrian AOC?
Yes, but the flight must be dispatched in accordance with the “No destination alternate” procedure and some conditions are met.
The “No destination alternate” procedure basically stipulates that “additional fuel” must be carried: a minimum of 15 mins (at 1500ft AAL in ISA conditions).
The conditions that must be met:
- WX minima are 2000ft (or circling minima +500ft, whichever greater) and 5000m vis for ETA ±1h
- Flight is less than 6h duration
- there are 2 separate landing runways, where “separate” means that if one runway is blocked, the other one won’t be, and there are separate approach aids and procedures.
The main difference between the UK AOC and the Austrian AOC is that the Austrian AOC allows in flight re-planning, providing time to destination is less than 4h.
You can also dispatch without an alternate if the destination aerodrome is “isolated”.
08/05/24
If no weather information is available, or if the forecasts indicate that your intended destination will be below minima, what are the dispatch conditions?
If forecasts for destination are below minima for ETA ±1h, (or no forecasts available) then 2 alternates must be selected.
08/05/24
Where is destination alternate fuel calculated from and to?
From the decision altitude at destination to landing at alternate.
The full missed approach procedure is used, plus climb, cruise & descent to alternate.
08/05/24
What is the definition of a Low Visibility Take Off?
A LVTO is a take off when RVR is less than 550m.
08/05/24
How are CAT III operations subdivided?
(UK AOC, and for bonus points Austrian AOC)
UK AOC:
Cat IIIA and IIIB
Austrian AOC:
Cat III with DH <100ft and ≥50ft
Cat III with DH ≤49ft “or no DH”
08/05/24
What is the lowest system RVR for CAT III approaches?
Cat IIIA: 200m
Cat IIIB: 75m
08/05/24
What is the lowest system minima for:
* CAT I
* CAT I LTS
* CAT II
* CAT II OTS?
Do the required RVRs need to be met for all thirds of the runway?
CAT I: 200ft, 550m
CAT I LTS: 200ft, 450m (although these are no longer permitted under easyJet AOCs)
CAT II: 100ft, 300m
CAT II OTS: 100ft, 350m
Minimum mid point RVR: 125m
Minimum stop end RVR: 75m
25/09/24
State the visual requirements for:
Cat I LTS
Cat II
Cat II OTS
Cat III
Note that for any approach that is not a Cat I approach, autoland is mandatory.
Cat I LTS, Cat II, Cat II OTS: 3 consecutive lights and a lateral element;
Cat IIIA: 3 consecutive lights
Cat IIIB (with DH): 1 light
Cat IIIB (without DH): none. Obviously.
08/05/24
What is “OPR NA new EASA AWO”? To whom does it apply? What does it mean?
“Operator Not Authorised new EASA All Weather Operations”
Only applies to UK AOC.
It means that you must apply higher minima (from the UK AOC) not the ones stipulated in LIDO (which will be the new EASA AWO minima)
08/05/24
What is the minimum RFFS category?
Generally, RFFS category required is:
A319, 320: 6
A321: 7
Departure & destination may be RFFS 5 if the airport has low volumes of commercial traffic.
09/05/24
What downgrades to RFFS are permitted?
Depends if the airport is:
- Departure
- Destination
- Alternate in the UK
- Alternate not in the UK
Departure & destination may downgrade 2 categories, providing downgrade is less than 72h.
Alternate in the UK may downgrade to RFFS 5
Alternate not in the UK may downgrade to RFFS 4.
09/05/24
Where can you find easyJet’s fuel policies?
OMA, section 8
28/07/24
What is the typical mass for a guide dog?
35kg
28/07/24
What is the typical mass of a cello?
10kg.
OMA gives this information, but then fails to give information about a double bass or a tuba. Or a swanny whistle. Maybe suggest this at the next amendment.
09/05/24
What is the specific gravity of fuel and oil?
“Specific gravity”, which the rest of the world know as “density”, is:
JET A1: 0.8
Oil: 0.88
09/05/24
What are the visual requirements for a CAT I approach?
“… may continue an approach below Decision Altitude if at least one of the following [is seen]:”
PETZL
- PAPIs (or other VASI)
- Edge lights
- Threshold (or its markings, lights, identification lights)
- Zone [touchdown] (or its lights or markings)
- Lights: elements of approach system
09/05/24
What are the planning minima in order for an airport to be used as an alternate (UK AOC)?
The forecast for the alternate must be better than the expected approach type:
If you expect to make a Cat I LTS, Cat II or Cat III approach then you need Cat I (RVR only)
If you expect to make a Cat I approach, you need non precision RVR or visibility AND ceiling must be above MDH.
APV approach requires NPA mimima.
NPA approach requires NPA RVR/VIS + 1000m AND ceiling + 200ft
Circling approach requires circling approach mimima with no additional factors.
09/05/24
What is the fuel required on a standard route?
Taxi
Trip
Contingency
Alternate
Final reserve
Extra
Additional
Discretionary
13/05/24
How is Final Reserve Fuel calculated?
- 30 minutes flying
- Holding speed
- 1500ft above alternate (or destination if no alternate required)
- Estimated arrival mass
- ISA conditions
28/07/24
What are the circumstances where Discretionary fuel may be carried, and what is the penalty?
If a diversion is likely, then uplift enough fuel to reach one of the Commercial alternates with Normal Reserves. Examples of when a diversion could be likely are:
* Thunderstorms are forecase
* Destination weather below minima or above limits
* Possible runway closure, e.g., due to snow removal operations
* Crosswind limitations when autoland expected
* Additional approaches at destination
* Icing conditions en-route
The penalty for carrying discretionary fuel is 3% of the discretionary fuel per hour of flight (i.e., taking 500kg discretionary fuel will “cost” 15kg of fuel per hour).
14/05/24
What are the rules regarding alcohol consumption? What is the company limit (in mg per 100ml of blood)?
- No alcoholic drinks may be consumed while wearing uniform
- Alcohol may not be taken onto the flight deck at all
- Containers looking like alcoholic drinks containers may not be taken onto the flight deck
- Report -10h: no alcohol
- Report -10h to -24h: “a minimum amount” (< 5 units)
- Company limit is 20mg per 100ml blood
14/05/24
What happens to the 4 tech log pages?
Top white: remains in tech log permanently
Removable white: for engineering (removed overnight or following a maintenance action)
Yellow: for engineering (removed overnight)
Pink: retained at departure airport
14/05/24
How long is a daily inspection valid for?
48 hours, which can start at 00:01 if the DI is done after 18:00 UTC and no more flying is planned that day.
If done after midnight, then the DI is valid for 48h (e.g., 0200 to 0159 two days later).
A DI must be valid for the whole flight or series of flights: in other words, you need to land before the DI expires. The exception to this is unforeseen delays on the last sector of the day.
07/11/24
When and where should an aircraft defect be entered in the tech log?
At the end of the flight, in the top half of the sector strip.
14/05/24
What is the defect reporting process?
- Make entry into Tech Log.
- Call MOC
- Consult MEL/CDL
- Raise ASR if required.
14/05/24
When can you defer a defect, and what actions must be taken?
After consulting MOC, and when there is no local maintenance available.
Procedure to defer defect is contained in OMA, section 8.
14/05/24
How many types of commanders discretion are there?
4:
Extend FDP
Reduce FDP
Extend rest
Reduce rest
08/05/24
What should a low temperature correction be applied to?
When the temperature of the airport is -10°C or less, corrections should be applied to:
* DA/MDA
* On a non precision approach, minimum altitudes after the FAF
* The FAF itself (except where a Baro/VNAV procedure prescribes a temperature limit)
ATC must also be informed that temperature corrections are being applied.
15/05/24
Explain how winds affect MFAs.
Wind speeds in excess of 20kt in mountainous could necessitate increasing MFAs.
If wind is blowing perpendicular to ridges, the altimeter error can be over 800ft if the wind speed is 80kt.
15/05/24
What is the lowest height that a turn can be made after take off?
400ft, unless the departure procedure or engine failure procedure requires it.
15/05/24
If flying in temperatures below -10°C, what considerations are there?
Low Temperature Corrections (LTCs)- table to be found in OMA section 8.
15/05/24
If flying in an area of very low atmospheric pressure, what must we be aware of?
Any pressure below 1013 will mean that MFAs should be increased.
15/05/24
What minimum crew level is required to board passengers? What are the restrictions?
- At least one pilot who must be on the flight deck
- 3 cabin crew are required (A319/320) or 4 cabin crew (A321)
- One of the cabin crew must be a SCCM (not necessarily the operating SCCM)
- No fuelling/defuelling
- Acting SCCM covers 1L & 1R; CC2 covers 2L & 2R; CC3 covers overwing exits
- Maximum 50 passengers per cabin crew member present.
16/05/24
Can we carry deportees?
Yes. Commander must be informed and deportee’s documents retained by SCCM.
NB: deportees are not the same as INAD.
16/05/24
When is a full harness required in flight?
- Take off and landing
- Turbulent conditions
- Whenever seat belt signs are on
- Whenever other pilot is not in their seat
16/05/24
What are the requirements to enter RVSM airspace?
- 2 altimeters
- When checked on the ground before flight, each altimeter needs to be within 75ft of the elevation
- Altimeters within 200ft of each other
- Autopilot is required to be servicable
- Mode C operating
- Altitude alerting
16/05/24
Whose decision is discretion?
The commander’s.
28/07/24
If extending a FDP using discretion, what is the maximum amount?
2 hours.
If FDP exceeds 1h, then report must be sent to appropriate authority.
On the final sector of the duty period, this 2h can be exceeded in order to reach destination or alternate.
16/05/24
Can you sign off any failures as a captain?
Yes, under OMA “Commander’s Authority to Defer a Defect”.
You can do this, so long as the procedure doesn’t require any maintenance action and after consultation with MOC.
28/07/24
What is a “FOR INFO” entry in the tech log?
For maintenance tracking of potential future failure issues.
MOC must be contacted before making a “For info” entry.
16/05/24
Describe what “incapacitation” is, and how you might identify it in the other pilot.
What is the procedure for dealing with it?
Incapacitation might be identified by unbriefed deviation from SOPs.
The “two communication” rule can help identify incapacitation (e.g., not responding appropriately to verbal communication)
Once incapacitation has been identified, ensure safe flight path. Then contact cabin crew. If immediate attention is required, use “SCCM to the flight deck” on the cabin PA.
The cabin crew attending the flight deck should move the pilots seat fully aft, fitting and locking the shoulder harness.
Cabin crew should ask the passengers if a medical professional is on board.
Declare an emergency, proceed to nearest suitable airport.
Request an ambulance meet the aircraft on arrival.
If the incapacitated pilot subsequently feels fit, they should still not operate.
21/05/24
What are the types of emergency landing?
- Pre planned emergency landing;
- Pre planned emergency landing (less than 10 minutes);
- Unplanned emergency landing;
- Precautionary landing.
Emergency landing: one that is forced by circumstance, and an evacuation may be required.
Precautionary landing: one where there will be no requirement to evacuate the passengers after landing.
25/09/24
What airport categories are there, and how are the categories differentiated?
Category A: non complex, routine airports.
Category B: Specific complexity requiring briefing
Category B restricted: A complexity requiring specific restrictions (e.g., “No 3 * crews”), but not specific training.
Category C: Special crew qualification required.
21/05/24
What categories of bomb threat are there and what do they mean?
Red: a credible warning that requires immediate protective action.
Amber: threat is of doubtful credibility, but where it is prudent to take appropriate protective measures.
Green: threat assessed as non-credible, and no immediate action is required.
21/05/24
When can we fly below CNR?
At any time. However, if you land with less than CNR as a result of anything other than diversion, go around, or ATC delay, then an ASR must be submitted.
21/05/24
A member of cabin crew goes sick downroute. Can you fly back? If so, what are the requirements?
Yes.
Reduced cabin crew operations are not permitted from an originating base.
Must be authorised by Network Duty Manager.
If the SCCM is incapacitated, then the most appropriate FA shall then assume the position of SCCM.
The acting SCCM must have more than 1 years’ experience as an operating crew member, and >20 sectors on the aircraft type.
The number of cabin crew may be reduced by only 1.
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