patient positioning, body mechanics and trasnfer tech's Flashcards
Positioning importance?
to prevent bed ulcers
to prevent possibility of contractures
patient comfort
Time frame for change in positioning?
every 2 hours in bed
every 15 minutes in sitting
conditions that make is so that the patient must be positioned more often
no sensation
fragile thin skin
poor circulation
prominences at risk seated
vertebral spinous processes
scapula
ischial tuerosities
+fibular head when legs spread open they hit against knee rest
prominences at risk prone
forehead lateral ear tip of the acromion process anterior head of the humerus sternum anterosuperior iliac spine patella, ridge of the tibia dorsum of the foot
prominences at risk supine
occipital tuberosity medial epicondyle of the humerus spine of the scap, inferior angle of scap vertebral spinous processes posterior iliac spine sacrum greater trochanter head of the fibula lateral malleolus posterior calcaneus
prominences at risk side lying
lateral ear lateral ribs lateral acromion process lateral headof the humerus medial/lateral epicondye of the humerus greater trochanter of the femur medial and lateral condyles of the femur malleolus of the fibula and tibia
positioning for supine
small pillows under head, knees, and ankles/lower leg
positioning for side lying
pillow between legs keeping hips neutral, roll under bottom ankle (possibly), pillow supporting top arm
positioning for prone
pillow under head turned or towel roll under forehead to keep neck in eutral, pillow under lower abdomen, pillow under anterior ankles
positioning for seated
foot support to keep the feet neutral and hips and knees at 90degrees, armrests to keep the arms at rest without shoulder elevation
special pop - amputees positioning
should not sit for > 40 min at a time
prone positioning to allow hip and knee to extend only 20 min at a time
special pop - hemiplegia
hand open, foot neutral, trunk midline
BOS
base of support - surface area of support of an object
COG
Center of Gravity - point where center of body mass is located…. just anterior to S2
5 L’s of lifting
load legs lever lordosis lungs
lever
distance between COG and BOS
lordosis
normal bend in back
goal of transfer training
make the patient as independent as possible
rules of thumb for t. training
Prepare area and all necessary equipment
Make sure the patient is dressed appropriately and has appropriate footwear - nonskid socks/shoes
Align the surfaces to prevent a space for the patient to fill
Review procedure verbally prior to transfer
Proper positioning (of pt and therapist) for good body mechanics
Always use a gait beld-safety and risk management
MinA
patient doing most of the work
greater or equal to 75%
ModA
patient doing 50% of the work
MaxA
patient doing 25-50% of the work
dependent (Dep)
patient does no part of the work, often with a lift
independent
patient does activity with no assistance
ModI
patient is doinf work independently but need extra time/adaptive equipment
SPV (supervision)
patient needs supervision for safety, decision making, precautions, but is otherwise i or Modi
CGA (contact guard assistance)
doing with guiding assistance or contact for balance
SBA (standby assistance)
needs verbal cues
MInA and SBA are different?
True
