patient positioning, body mechanics and trasnfer tech's

Question 1

Positioning importance?

Answer 1

to prevent bed ulcers
to prevent possibility of contractures
patient comfort

Question 2

Time frame for change in positioning?

Answer 2

every 2 hours in bed

every 15 minutes in sitting

Question 3

conditions that make is so that the patient must be positioned more often

Answer 3

no sensation
fragile thin skin
poor circulation

Question 4

prominences at risk seated

Answer 4

vertebral spinous processes
scapula
ischial tuerosities
+fibular head when legs spread open they hit against knee rest

Question 5

prominences at risk prone

Answer 5

forehead
lateral ear
tip of the acromion process
anterior head of the humerus
sternum
anterosuperior iliac spine
patella, ridge of the tibia
dorsum of the foot

Question 6

prominences at risk supine

Answer 6

occipital tuberosity
medial epicondyle of the humerus
spine of the scap, inferior angle of scap
vertebral spinous processes
posterior iliac spine
sacrum
greater trochanter
head of the fibula
lateral malleolus 
posterior calcaneus

Question 7

prominences at risk side lying

Answer 7

lateral ear
lateral ribs
lateral acromion process
lateral headof the humerus
medial/lateral epicondye of the humerus
greater trochanter of the femur
medial and lateral condyles of the femur
malleolus of the fibula and tibia

Question 8

positioning for supine

Answer 8

small pillows under head, knees, and ankles/lower leg

Question 9

positioning for side lying

Answer 9

pillow between legs keeping hips neutral, roll under bottom ankle (possibly), pillow supporting top arm

Question 10

positioning for prone

Answer 10

pillow under head turned or towel roll under forehead to keep neck in eutral, pillow under lower abdomen, pillow under anterior ankles

Question 11

positioning for seated

Answer 11

foot support to keep the feet neutral and hips and knees at 90degrees, armrests to keep the arms at rest without shoulder elevation

Question 12

special pop - amputees positioning

Answer 12

should not sit for > 40 min at a time

prone positioning to allow hip and knee to extend only 20 min at a time

Question 13

special pop - hemiplegia

Answer 13

hand open, foot neutral, trunk midline

Question 14

BOS

Answer 14

base of support - surface area of support of an object

Question 15

COG

Answer 15

Center of Gravity - point where center of body mass is located…. just anterior to S2

Question 16

5 L’s of lifting

Answer 16

load
legs
lever
lordosis
lungs

Question 17

lever

Answer 17

distance between COG and BOS

Question 18

lordosis

Answer 18

normal bend in back

Question 19

goal of transfer training

Answer 19

make the patient as independent as possible

Question 20

rules of thumb for t. training

Answer 20

Prepare area and all necessary equipment
Make sure the patient is dressed appropriately and has appropriate footwear - nonskid socks/shoes
Align the surfaces to prevent a space for the patient to fill
Review procedure verbally prior to transfer
Proper positioning (of pt and therapist) for good body mechanics
Always use a gait beld-safety and risk management

Question 21

MinA

Answer 21

patient doing most of the work

greater or equal to 75%

Question 22

ModA

Answer 22

patient doing 50% of the work

Question 23

MaxA

Answer 23

patient doing 25-50% of the work

Question 24

dependent (Dep)

Answer 24

patient does no part of the work, often with a lift

Question 25

independent

Answer 25

patient does activity with no assistance

Question 26

ModI

Answer 26

patient is doinf work independently but need extra time/adaptive equipment

Question 27

SPV (supervision)

Answer 27

patient needs supervision for safety, decision making, precautions, but is otherwise i or Modi

Question 28

CGA (contact guard assistance)

Answer 28

doing with guiding assistance or contact for balance

Question 29

SBA (standby assistance)

Answer 29

needs verbal cues

Question 30

MInA and SBA are different?

Answer 30

True