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Medical Lab Assistant > Patient Management Mid-Term > Flashcards

Patient Management Mid-Term Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

What is the most important pre-analytical step when performing phlebotomy?

A

Patient Identification

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2
Q

What are some possible questions asked during history taking?

A
  • Are you taking blood thinners?
  • When was the last time you had something to eat or drink other than water?
  • When was the last time you took your ______ medication?
  • Have you had bloodwork before?
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3
Q

What are some examples of Unique Identifiers?

A
  • Name
  • DOB (date of birth)
  • PHN (provincial health number)
  • MRN (medical record number)
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4
Q

Information gathered from the patient chart or observing is known as __________

subjective or objective

A

Objective

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5
Q

Information collected from feelings, emotions, and personal perspective is known as __________

subjective or objective

A

Subjective

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6
Q

The pyramids of needs from a base (physiological) level to a higher (self-actualization) level is known as:

A

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

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7
Q

5 Common diversity traits

A

(EAGAR)
Ethnicity
Age
Gender
Ability
Religion

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8
Q

What is the code of ethics?

A

Treating all with dignity and respect

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9
Q

_______ live on or in organisms & deprive nutrients from the host

A

Parasites

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10
Q

______ comes in two forms, yeasts and molds

A

Fungi

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11
Q

What needs a living host to survive?
It cannot live outside.

A

Viruses

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12
Q

What are used to fight viruses?

A

Vaccines

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13
Q

What is used to fight bacteria?

A

Antibiotics

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14
Q

TRUE or FALSE
A sterile field does not have to be monitored continuously to be considered sterile.

A

False

It DOES have to be monitored continuously.

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15
Q

Anything below waist height is considered _______

A

unsterile

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16
Q

When two people in sterile gowns pass each other, what part of the body should be passing?

A

Backs.

Backs are considered unsterile so it is back to back when passing.

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17
Q

Know this image!

A
18
Q

What does SNOD stand for?

A

Student
Name
Occupation (job title)
Do (what they are here to do)

19
Q

Where can you gather information to assess a patient’s needs?

A

Requisition, patient chart, patient or caregiver (verbal)

20
Q

The establishment and GROWTH of a microorganism on or IN A HOST is what?

A

Infection

21
Q

When the infection results in injury to the host, it’s referred to as…

A

Disease

22
Q

A microorganism KNOWN TO CAUSE A DISEASE is called a ______

A

Pathogenic microorganism

23
Q

Some common bacteria are;

A
  • tuberculosis
  • streptococcal infections of the throat
  • salmonella poisoning
  • Lyme disease, gonorrhea
  • syphilis
  • tetanus
24
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Bacteria are intracellular parasites

A

FALSE

microscopic,single celled organisms; prokaryotic (lack nuclei and membrane bound organelles)

24
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Viruses can’t survive outside a living cell.

A

TRUE

24
Q

What are the 4 basic infectious agents?

A

Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi and Protozoan Parasites

24
Q

Fungi have a ______ and _______ ________ organelles

A

eukaryotic (have a nucleus & membrane bound organelles)

25
Q

Study this 4 Organisms Chart

A
26
Q

Some common viruses are;

A
  • Influenza viruses - spread by coughing and sneezing
  • Norovirus and rotavirus - transmitted by fecal-oral route.
  • HIV and Hepatitis - transmitted through sexual contact or blood exposure
27
Q

Two forms of Fungi are with examples…

A

Yeasts and Molds

▶ Yeast - athlete’s foot/ringworm and yeast (causing thrush),
Cryptococcus affects humans and animals, causing meningitis

▶ Mold - Aspergillus

28
Q

TRUE or FALSE

Fungal infections are of concern for patients that are immunocompromised

A

True

29
Q

TRUE or FALSE

There are a large number of parasites that produce disease.

A

TRUE

Human parasites include malaria and tapeworms.

30
Q

The Host is what?

A

The individual who gets the infection

susceptible person who his unable to fight infection.

31
Q

What is the Agent?

A

An infectious microorganism

QUANTITY – small numbers can be harmless but if numbers increase it can cause infection

VIRULENCE – ability of the microorganism to cause disease

32
Q

Mode of Transmission is what?

A

How the infectious organism makes contact with the host

33
Q

What are some examples of Portal of Entry?

A

Inhalation
Break in the skin
An insect bite
Contaminated food

34
Q

What is an example of Portal of Exit?

A

Feces
Blood
Mucus
Respiratory droplets
Blood contact
Other bodily secretions

35
Q

What is the Reservoir?

A

Site/Place where an Agent can live and grow, where transmission can occur

Can be environmental (hospital setting or water/food supply), animal (rodent, insect), or person (carrier – someone who is infected but does not show signs of the disease)

36
Q

How can a person break the chain of infection?

A

Hand washing
Immunization
PPE

37
Q

What is Nosocomial Infections?

A

An infection ACQUIRED from hospital staff

38
Q

What is an Iatrogenic Infection?

A

Infection CAUSED by healthcare workers

Medical Lab Assistant (19 decks)

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