Med. Lab Procedures - Module 3&4 Flashcards
TRUE OR FALSE
Blood bank/Immunohematology deals with blood for transfusions
True
What does immunochemistry use in their tests?
Antibodies
to detect a range of substances in the blood
Red top tubes need how long for full clot activation?
45-60 minutes
How long does an SST tube take for full clot activation?
30 minutes
Liver disease can increase bilirubin in the serum,
making it appear darker yellow. What else is this called?
Icteric serum
Ingestion of fats or other lipids make the sample cloudy, also known as…
Lipemic serum
Serum with a pink tinge could be a sign of ________
hemolysis
(hemolyzed serum)
What is a common cause of hemoconcentration?
- Tourniquet on too long
- Massaging, squeezing, or probing a site
- Sclerosed or occluded veins
What are common causes of hemolysis?
- incorrect needle size
- improper tube mixing
- incorrect filling of tubes
- excessive suction
- prolonged tourniquet
What does coagulation depend on?
the presence of clotting factors and platelets.
What is the term for fainting?
Synoscope
What is Emisis?
nausea and vomiting
Petechiae is ________
Pinpoint red spots that form on the skin as a result of bleeding
What medication is known to cause potential for prolonged bleeding?
Heparin
What can cause a hematoma?
(Bruise)
- improper pressure is applied after the venipuncture
- if the patient suddenly moves, and the needle comes out of the vein
- if the needle punctures both walls of the vein
What is a unique identifying number used for cataloging a sample in the laboratory called?
Accession Number
To aliquot means…
to transfer a small portion of a specimen into separate containers for distribution
What is the maximum wait time before a specimen is delivered to the lab?
45 minutes
Blood smears should be made from an EDTA tube within what time?
within 1 hour
A red top tube with no additives completely clots in ________ (time) at room temperature
60 minutes/1 hour
Can Plasma be removed from a clot at room temperature?
no
Why are some specimens kept cool after collection and before testing?
to slow down cellular metabolism
What is centrifuge separation based on?
Component Density
What is order of draw for microtubes?
Lavender
Green
Light Green
Grey
Gold
Red
How might you know if you hit an artery?
Bright red blood
Filling in spirts
What colour tube is a thyroid test done in?
Dependant on location either:
Light Green or Gold
Phenytoin, Clozapine, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine are all tests for what kind of monitoring?
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring
What colour tube is Cyclosporine tested in?
Lavender
Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant and is commonly used to prevent rejection of transplant organs
What colour tube would you use for a Phenytoin test?
Dependant on location but either
Gold or Red
is an anti-seizure medication
When doing a Clozapine test, what colour tube should you grab?
Red
Along with testing the clozapine level itself,
CBC is also commonly ordered to monitor neutropenia.
prescribed to schizophrenic patients
When would a Tacrolimus test be ordered and what kind of tube would you use?
Is an immunosuppressant drug,
commonly used for transplant patients to prevent rejection
Lavender - EDTA tube for whole blood sample
Liver function tests are done on what colour tube?
Dependant on location
Light Green or Gold
What is a common liver function test on a requisition?
Bili = bilirubin
ALT = alanine transaminase
ALP = alkaline phosphatase test
AST = aspartate aminotransferase
ALB = albumin blood test
TP = total protein test
GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase test
What is heparin?
It is a blood thinner (anticoagulant)
can result in prolonged bleeding, often used to prevent blood vessel, lung or heart clotting
What is the most common infection acquired in a laboratory setting?
Hepatitis B virus
What does Standard Precaution refer to?
Assuming that every body fluid is infectious that you come in contact with
What is pasteurization?
rapidly heating a liquid (to 75°C) then cooling and sealing
What is Autoclaving?
produces steam at high pressures with temperatures exceeding 120°C for around 15 minutes
What does RACE stand for and when do you use it?
For fire
Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Evacuate
What does PASS stand for and when should it be used?
Fire Extinguisher
Pull pin
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep
What does this symbol mean?
Flammable
Can burn or explode with exposed to heat
This symbol means?
Oxidizing
Keep separate from flammables or can cause flames and increase the intensity of a fire with supply of oxygen
This symbol represents ______
Corrosive
can include acids, bases or other corrosive materials
What does this symbol mean?
Reactive Material (Explosive)
May be unstable and react to compression, heat, light or jarring
May burn, explode or produce dangerous gases when mixed with other materials
This symbol means ______
Compressed Gases
can explode if heated or damaged
Should be kept upright
This means…
Ionizing Radiation
Can penetrate deeply into the body
This means?
Toxic
What is a fomite?
a microorganism that spreads blood borne diseases
What is a Class C fire?
Electrical
What does WHMIS stand for?
Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System
Category A Infectious Substances classes are…
What is an Accession Number ?
A unique identifying number used for cataloging a sample in the lab
A small portion of a specimen transferred into separate containers for distribution is called ______
Aliquot
What is the maximum time that could elapse before a specimen arrives at the lab?
45 minutes
Blood smears made with whole blood (EDTA) should be made within what amount of time?
1 hour
What are the two different types of WHMIS labels?
Supplier Label
Workplace Label
A WHMIS label for the supplier must include what 7 things?
- Product Name
- Pictogram - Hazard Symbol
- Risk Phrases/Signal Words
- Hazard Statements
- Precautionary Measures/Statements
- Supplier Identifier
- References to SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
Workplace labels need these 3 things
Product Name
Safe handling procedures
reference to SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
