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Medical Lab Assistant > Med. Lab Procedures - Module 3&4 > Flashcards

Med. Lab Procedures - Module 3&4 Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

TRUE OR FALSE

Blood bank/Immunohematology deals with blood for transfusions

A

True

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2
Q

What does immunochemistry use in their tests?

A

Antibodies

to detect a range of substances in the blood

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3
Q

Red top tubes need how long for full clot activation?

A

45-60 minutes

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4
Q

How long does an SST tube take for full clot activation?

A

30 minutes

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5
Q

Liver disease can increase bilirubin in the serum,
making it appear darker yellow. What else is this called?

A

Icteric serum

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6
Q

Ingestion of fats or other lipids make the sample cloudy, also known as…

A

Lipemic serum

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7
Q

Serum with a pink tinge could be a sign of ________

A

hemolysis

(hemolyzed serum)

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8
Q

What is a common cause of hemoconcentration?

A
  • Tourniquet on too long
  • Massaging, squeezing, or probing a site
  • Sclerosed or occluded veins
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9
Q

What are common causes of hemolysis?

A
  • incorrect needle size
  • improper tube mixing
  • incorrect filling of tubes
  • excessive suction
  • prolonged tourniquet
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10
Q

What does coagulation depend on?

A

the presence of clotting factors and platelets.

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11
Q

What is the term for fainting?

A

Synoscope

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12
Q

What is Emisis?

A

nausea and vomiting

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13
Q

Petechiae is ________

A

Pinpoint red spots that form on the skin as a result of bleeding

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14
Q

What medication is known to cause potential for prolonged bleeding?

A

Heparin

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15
Q

What can cause a hematoma?

(Bruise)

A
  • improper pressure is applied after the venipuncture
  • if the patient suddenly moves, and the needle comes out of the vein
  • if the needle punctures both walls of the vein
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16
Q

What is a unique identifying number used for cataloging a sample in the laboratory called?

A

Accession Number

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17
Q

To aliquot means…

A

to transfer a small portion of a specimen into separate containers for distribution

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18
Q

What is the maximum wait time before a specimen is delivered to the lab?

A

45 minutes

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19
Q

Blood smears should be made from an EDTA tube within what time?

A

within 1 hour

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20
Q

A red top tube with no additives completely clots in ________ (time) at room temperature

A

60 minutes/1 hour

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21
Q

Can Plasma be removed from a clot at room temperature?

A

no

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22
Q

Why are some specimens kept cool after collection and before testing?

A

to slow down cellular metabolism

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23
Q

What is centrifuge separation based on?

A

Component Density

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24
Q

What is order of draw for microtubes?

A

Lavender
Green
Light Green
Grey
Gold
Red

25
Q

How might you know if you hit an artery?

A

Bright red blood
Filling in spirts

26
Q

What colour tube is a thyroid test done in?

A

Dependant on location either:
Light Green or Gold

27
Q

Phenytoin, Clozapine, Tacrolimus, Cyclosporine are all tests for what kind of monitoring?

A

Therapeutic Drug Monitoring

28
Q

What colour tube is Cyclosporine tested in?

A

Lavender

Cyclosporine is an immunosuppressant and is commonly used to prevent rejection of transplant organs

29
Q

What colour tube would you use for a Phenytoin test?

A

Dependant on location but either
Gold or Red

is an anti-seizure medication

30
Q

When doing a Clozapine test, what colour tube should you grab?

A

Red
Along with testing the clozapine level itself,
CBC is also commonly ordered to monitor neutropenia.

prescribed to schizophrenic patients

31
Q

When would a Tacrolimus test be ordered and what kind of tube would you use?

A

Is an immunosuppressant drug,
commonly used for transplant patients to prevent rejection

Lavender - EDTA tube for whole blood sample

32
Q

Liver function tests are done on what colour tube?

A

Dependant on location
Light Green or Gold

33
Q

What is a common liver function test on a requisition?

A

Bili = bilirubin
ALT = alanine transaminase
ALP = alkaline phosphatase test
AST = aspartate aminotransferase
ALB = albumin blood test
TP = total protein test
GGT = gamma-glutamyl transferase test

34
Q

What is heparin?

A

It is a blood thinner (anticoagulant)

can result in prolonged bleeding, often used to prevent blood vessel, lung or heart clotting

35
Q

What is the most common infection acquired in a laboratory setting?

A

Hepatitis B virus

36
Q

What does Standard Precaution refer to?

A

Assuming that every body fluid is infectious that you come in contact with

37
Q

What is pasteurization?

A

rapidly heating a liquid (to 75°C) then cooling and sealing

38
Q

What is Autoclaving?

A

produces steam at high pressures with temperatures exceeding 120°C for around 15 minutes

39
Q

What does RACE stand for and when do you use it?

A

For fire

Rescue
Alarm
Contain
Evacuate

40
Q

What does PASS stand for and when should it be used?

A

Fire Extinguisher

Pull pin
Aim
Squeeze
Sweep

41
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Flammable

Can burn or explode with exposed to heat

42
Q

This symbol means?

A

Oxidizing

Keep separate from flammables or can cause flames and increase the intensity of a fire with supply of oxygen

43
Q

This symbol represents ______

A

Corrosive

can include acids, bases or other corrosive materials

44
Q

What does this symbol mean?

A

Reactive Material (Explosive)

May be unstable and react to compression, heat, light or jarring
May burn, explode or produce dangerous gases when mixed with other materials

45
Q

This symbol means ______

A

Compressed Gases

can explode if heated or damaged
Should be kept upright

46
Q

This means…

A

Ionizing Radiation

Can penetrate deeply into the body

47
Q

This means?

A

Toxic

48
Q

What is a fomite?

A

a microorganism that spreads blood borne diseases

49
Q

What is a Class C fire?

A

Electrical

50
Q

What does WHMIS stand for?

A

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System

51
Q

Category A Infectious Substances classes are…

A
52
Q

What is an Accession Number ?

A

A unique identifying number used for cataloging a sample in the lab

53
Q

A small portion of a specimen transferred into separate containers for distribution is called ______

A

Aliquot

54
Q

What is the maximum time that could elapse before a specimen arrives at the lab?

A

45 minutes

55
Q

Blood smears made with whole blood (EDTA) should be made within what amount of time?

A

1 hour

56
Q

What are the two different types of WHMIS labels?

A

Supplier Label
Workplace Label

57
Q

A WHMIS label for the supplier must include what 7 things?

A
  1. Product Name
  2. Pictogram - Hazard Symbol
  3. Risk Phrases/Signal Words
  4. Hazard Statements
  5. Precautionary Measures/Statements
  6. Supplier Identifier
  7. References to SDS (Safety Data Sheet)
58
Q

Workplace labels need these 3 things

A

Product Name
Safe handling procedures
reference to SDS (Safety Data Sheet)

Medical Lab Assistant (19 decks)

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