Pathophysiology simplifed

Question 1

What is the pathophysiology behind COPD?

Answer 1

An irritant leads to damage of the airways, an inflammatory process will occur in the alveoli and bronchioles forming mucous plugs. This causes restriction and obstruction to the airways reducing gaseous exchange of 02 and CO2. Causing hypoxaemia, hypoxia and hypercapnia.

Question 2

What is the pathophysiology of a STEMI

Answer 2

Atherosclerosis of coronary circulation occurs leading to an abrupt cessation of blood to an area of the myocardium (depends on which coronary artery). This causes death of the myocardium if not treated. The patient may go into cardiogenic shock due to decreased cardiac output.