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Physical Health KN602 > Introduction to neurology > Flashcards

Introduction to neurology Flashcards

1
Q

What is the purpose of the neurological system?

A

To coordinate all activities of the body and enable to body to respond and adapt to change

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2
Q

What 2 main sections is the neurological system split into?

A

Central nervous system and Peripheral nervous system

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3
Q

What are the 2 main components of the central nervous system?

A

The brain and spinal cord

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4
Q

What are the 6 main sections of the brain?

A

Cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, midbrain, pons, and medulla oblongata

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5
Q

What is the role of the spinal cord in the central nervous system?

A

To link the brain and the nerves in the rest of the body

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6
Q

What are the 4 regions of the spinal cord?

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and spinal nerves

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7
Q

What are the two types of spinal nerves in the spinal cord?

A

Afferent and efferent

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8
Q

What are the two major hemispheres of the cerebrum?

A

Right and left cortex

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9
Q

The right and left cortex of the cerebrum and split into how many and what components?

A

4 lobes (Frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital)

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10
Q

What is the frontal lobe responsible for?

A

Reasoning and thought

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11
Q

What is the parietal lobe responsible for?

A

Integrating sensory information

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12
Q

What is the temporal lobe responsible for?

A

Processing auditory information from the ears

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13
Q

What is the occipital lobe responsible for?

A

Processing visual information from the eyes

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14
Q

What are the functions of the Cerebellum

A

Muscle coordination
Balance
Posture
Muscle tone

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15
Q

Where is the cerebellum located?

A

Below the cerebrum and above the 1st cervical of the neck

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16
Q

What are the four components of the Diencephalon?

A

Epithalamus, thalamus, subthalamus, and hypothalamus.

17
Q

What is the function of the thalamus?

A

Directs sensory impulses to the cerebrum

18
Q

What is the function of the hypothalamus?

A

Controls and regulates temperature, appetite, water balance, sleep, blood vessel constriction, and dilation.

Also has a role in emotions such as: anger, fear, pleasure, pain, and affection.

19
Q

Where is the midbrain located?

A

Below the cerebrum

20
Q

What is the midbrain responsible for?

A

Eye and auditory reflexes

21
Q

Where are the pons located?

A

Locate below the midbrain (in brainstem)

22
Q

What are the pons responsible for?

A

Certain reflec actions

23
Q

Where is the medulla oblongata located?

A

At the bottom of the brainstem connecting to the spinal cord.

24
Q

The medulla oblongata is the centre for what?

A

Centre for respiration

25
Q

What does the medulla oblongata regulate?

A 
Heart + blood vessel function
Digestion
Respiration
Swallowing
Coughing
Sneezing
Blood pressure
26
Q

What are afferent spinal nerves?

A

Nerves that carry information from the body to the brain

27
Q

What are Efferent spinal nerves?

A

Nerves that carry information from the brain to the body

28
Q

What is the peripheral nervous system?

A

The nervous system outside the brain and spinal cord

29
Q

What two systems is the peripheral system split into?

A

Somatic and Autonomic

30
Q

What is the somatic nervous system responsible for?

A

Carrying motor and sensory information.
All voluntary muscle movements
Processing sensory information from external stimuli (hearing, touch, and sight)

31
Q

What is the somatic nervous system made up of?

A

Nerves that connect to the skin, sensory organs, and skeletal muscles

32
Q

Afferent sensory neurons conduct which way?

A

inwards

33
Q

Efferent sensory neurons conduct which way?

A

outwards

34
Q

Where do afferent neurons take information from?

A

Nerves. Which then transport information to the CNS

35
Q

Where to efferent neurons take information from?

A

The CNS. which transport information to the muscle fibres throughout the body

36
Q

What 2 components is the autonomic system split into?

A

Sympathetic nervous system

Parasympathetic nervous system

37
Q

What is the main function of the sympathetic nervous system?

A

“Fight or flight”

This system revs up the body to either defend the body from a threat or escape from the threat

38
Q

What is the main function of the parasympathetic nervous system?

A

It is counteractive to the sympathetic nervous system - it brings all systems of the body back to normal

Physical Health KN602 (32 decks)

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