Heart Faliure Flashcards
What is heart faliure?
An acute or chronic condition in which the heart doesnt pump blood as well as it should resulting in congestion (CHF) of blood backing up and being unable to meet demands of the body.
What is systolic heart faliure? (HFrEF)
Where the ventricles cant pump hard enough during systole
What is diastolic heart faliure? (HFpEF)
Where not enough blood fills into ventricles during the diastole
What does RHF stand for?
Right Heart Failure
What is Right sided Heart Failure?
In right-sided heart failure, the heart’s right ventricle is too weak to pump enough blood to the lungs. As blood builds up in the veins, fluid gets pushed out into the tissues in the body. Right-sided heart failure symptoms include swelling and shortness of breath. i.e blood builds up in peripheral and organ circulation.
What is left sided heart faliure?
Where the left ventricle is unable to pump with enough force, the blood ends up backed up in the lungs causing pulmonary congestion (alveoli are filled with oedema fluid making gas exchange nearly impossible). This means the body is unable to adequately supply body organs leading to low oxygen perfusion and hypoxia.
what are some signs and symptoms of heart faliure?
A cluster of different symptoms, elevated BNP (>80), normal-low LVEF from an echocardiogram.
What is an echocardiogram?
a test of the action of the heart using ultrasound waves to produce a visual display, for the diagnosis or monitoring of heart disease.
What is an LVEF?
Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)
Ejection fraction typically refers to the left side of the heart. It shows how much oxygen-rich blood is pumped out of the left ventricle to most of the body’s organs with each contraction.
Which usually occurs first? LHF or RHF?
LHF usually develops first then RHF because the left ventricle pumps blood throughout the body.
What are some risk factors/causes of HF?
Ischaemia - MI (Elevated TNI) Valve disease Cardiomyopathy Pericarditis Fluid overload (renal faliure, IVF) T2DM HTN Smoking
What does TNI stand for?
Troponin I
These are proteins that are released when the heart muscle has been damaged, such as occurs with a heart attack
What is valve disease?
In heart valve disease, one or more of the valves in your heart doesn’t work properly.
What is cardiomyopathy?
Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle that makes it harder for the heart to pump blood to the rest of the body.
What is pericarditis?
Pericarditis is swelling and irritation of the thin, saclike tissue surrounding the heart (pericardium). Pericarditis often causes sharp chest pain.