Pathoma: Pituitary Flashcards
“benign tumor of anterior pituitary cells”
Pituitary adenoma
Are pituitary adenomas functional tumors?
Yes and No (can be either)
What is the most common pituitary adenoma?
prolactinoma
How does prolactinoma present in females?
galactorrhea and amenorrhea
How does prolactinoma present in males?
Decreased libido and headache
How does GH cell adenomas present in children and adults?
Children–> gigantism
Adults–> acromegaly
**there can be secondary diabetes mellitus
Which pituitary adenoma presents with Cushing symptoms?
ACTH adenoma
When do symptoms of hypopituitarism arise?
when >75% of pituitary parenchyma is lost
Name 3 cause of hypopituitarism?
1- pituitary adenoma/ craniopharyngioma
2- Sheehan syndrome
3- Empty Sella Sydrome
“pregnancy related infarction of the pituitary gland”
Sheehan syndrome
“congenital defect that result in herniation of arachnoid into the sella and a flat pituitary due to compression”
empty sella syndrome
What causes central diabetes insipidus?
ADH deficiency
Symptoms of central diabetes insipidus?
Polyuria, polydipsia, Hypernatremia, high serum osmolarity, and low serum osmolarity
“Impaired renal response to ADH”
nephrogenic diabetes insipidus
Which drugs can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus?
Lithium and democlocycline
